diff --git a/src/dawn/native/d3d12/ShaderModuleD3D12.cpp b/src/dawn/native/d3d12/ShaderModuleD3D12.cpp
index b9d4ef4299..7a23be5e7f 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/d3d12/ShaderModuleD3D12.cpp
+++ b/src/dawn/native/d3d12/ShaderModuleD3D12.cpp
@@ -645,8 +645,8 @@ ResultOrError<std::string> TranslateToHLSL(dawn::platform::Platform* platform,
     tint::writer::hlsl::Options options;
     options.disable_workgroup_init = request.disableWorkgroupInit;
     if (request.usesNumWorkgroups) {
-        options.root_constant_binding_point.group = request.numWorkgroupsRegisterSpace;
-        options.root_constant_binding_point.binding = request.numWorkgroupsShaderRegister;
+        options.root_constant_binding_point = tint::sem::BindingPoint{
+            request.numWorkgroupsRegisterSpace, request.numWorkgroupsShaderRegister};
     }
     // TODO(dawn:549): HLSL generation outputs the indices into the
     // array_length_from_uniform buffer that were actually used. When the blob cache can
diff --git a/src/tint/cmd/main.cc b/src/tint/cmd/main.cc
index b9c6d042e5..c067c39b14 100644
--- a/src/tint/cmd/main.cc
+++ b/src/tint/cmd/main.cc
@@ -15,7 +15,9 @@
 #include <cstdio>
 #include <fstream>
 #include <iostream>
+#include <limits>
 #include <memory>
+#include <optional>  // NOLINT(build/include_order)
 #include <sstream>
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
@@ -86,6 +88,7 @@ struct Options {
     std::string dxc_path;
     std::string xcrun_path;
     std::vector<std::string> overrides;
+    std::optional<tint::sem::BindingPoint> hlsl_root_constant_binding_point;
 };
 
 const char kUsage[] = R"(Usage: tint [options] <input-file>
@@ -112,6 +115,11 @@ ${transforms}
                                Affects AST dumping, and text-based output languages.
   --dump-inspector-bindings -- Dump reflection data about bindins to stdout.
   -h                        -- This help text
+  --hlsl-root-constant-binding-point <group>,<binding>  -- Binding point for root constant.
+                               Specify the binding point for generated uniform buffer
+                               used for num_workgroups in HLSL. If not specified, then
+                               default to binding 0 of the largest used group plus 1,
+                               or group 0 if no resource bound.
   --validate                -- Validates the generated shader
   --fxc                     -- Ask to validate HLSL output using FXC instead of DXC.
                                When specified, automatically enables --validate
@@ -220,6 +228,27 @@ std::vector<std::string> split_on_comma(std::string list) {
     return res;
 }
 
+std::optional<uint64_t> parse_unsigned_number(std::string number) {
+    for (char c : number) {
+        if (!std::isdigit(c)) {
+            // Found a non-digital char, return nullopt
+            return std::nullopt;
+        }
+    }
+
+    errno = 0;
+    char* p_end;
+    uint64_t result;
+    // std::strtoull will not throw exception.
+    result = std::strtoull(number.c_str(), &p_end, 10);
+    if ((errno != 0) || (static_cast<size_t>(p_end - number.c_str()) != number.length())) {
+        // Unexpected conversion result
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
 std::string TextureDimensionToString(tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::TextureDimension dim) {
     switch (dim) {
         case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::TextureDimension::kNone:
@@ -402,6 +431,31 @@ bool ParseArgs(const std::vector<std::string>& args, Options* opts) {
                 return false;
             }
             opts->overrides = split_on_comma(args[i]);
+        } else if (arg == "--hlsl-root-constant-binding-point") {
+            ++i;
+            if (i >= args.size()) {
+                std::cerr << "Missing value for " << arg << std::endl;
+                return false;
+            }
+            auto binding_points = split_on_comma(args[i]);
+            if (binding_points.size() != 2) {
+                std::cerr << "Invalid binding point for " << arg << ": " << args[i] << std::endl;
+                return false;
+            }
+            auto group = parse_unsigned_number(binding_points[0]);
+            if ((!group.has_value()) || (group.value() > std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max())) {
+                std::cerr << "Invalid group for " << arg << ": " << binding_points[0] << std::endl;
+                return false;
+            }
+            auto binding = parse_unsigned_number(binding_points[1]);
+            if ((!binding.has_value()) ||
+                (binding.value() > std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max())) {
+                std::cerr << "Invalid binding for " << arg << ": " << binding_points[1]
+                          << std::endl;
+                return false;
+            }
+            opts->hlsl_root_constant_binding_point = tint::sem::BindingPoint{
+                static_cast<uint32_t>(group.value()), static_cast<uint32_t>(binding.value())};
         } else if (!arg.empty()) {
             if (arg[0] == '-') {
                 std::cerr << "Unrecognized option: " << arg << std::endl;
@@ -723,6 +777,7 @@ bool GenerateHlsl(const tint::Program* program, const Options& options) {
     tint::writer::hlsl::Options gen_options;
     gen_options.disable_workgroup_init = options.disable_workgroup_init;
     gen_options.generate_external_texture_bindings = true;
+    gen_options.root_constant_binding_point = options.hlsl_root_constant_binding_point;
     auto result = tint::writer::hlsl::Generate(program, gen_options);
     if (!result.success) {
         PrintWGSL(std::cerr, *program);
diff --git a/src/tint/transform/num_workgroups_from_uniform.cc b/src/tint/transform/num_workgroups_from_uniform.cc
index 17814df9f6..0bb1518544 100644
--- a/src/tint/transform/num_workgroups_from_uniform.cc
+++ b/src/tint/transform/num_workgroups_from_uniform.cc
@@ -122,10 +122,31 @@ void NumWorkgroupsFromUniform::Run(CloneContext& ctx, const DataMap& inputs, Dat
             auto* num_workgroups_struct = ctx.dst->Structure(
                 ctx.dst->Sym(),
                 {ctx.dst->Member(kNumWorkgroupsMemberName, ctx.dst->ty.vec3(ctx.dst->ty.u32()))});
+
+            uint32_t group, binding;
+            if (cfg->ubo_binding.has_value()) {
+                // If cfg->ubo_binding holds a value, use the specified binding point.
+                group = cfg->ubo_binding->group;
+                binding = cfg->ubo_binding->binding;
+            } else {
+                // If cfg->ubo_binding holds no value, use the binding 0 of the largest used group
+                // plus 1, or group 0 if no resource bound.
+                group = 0;
+
+                for (auto* var : ctx.src->AST().GlobalVariables()) {
+                    if (auto binding_point = var->BindingPoint()) {
+                        if (binding_point.group->value >= group) {
+                            group = binding_point.group->value + 1;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                binding = 0;
+            }
+
             num_workgroups_ubo = ctx.dst->Global(
                 ctx.dst->Sym(), ctx.dst->ty.Of(num_workgroups_struct), ast::StorageClass::kUniform,
-                ast::AttributeList{
-                    ctx.dst->GroupAndBinding(cfg->ubo_binding.group, cfg->ubo_binding.binding)});
+                ast::AttributeList{ctx.dst->GroupAndBinding(group, binding)});
         }
         return num_workgroups_ubo;
     };
@@ -151,7 +172,8 @@ void NumWorkgroupsFromUniform::Run(CloneContext& ctx, const DataMap& inputs, Dat
     ctx.Clone();
 }
 
-NumWorkgroupsFromUniform::Config::Config(sem::BindingPoint ubo_bp) : ubo_binding(ubo_bp) {}
+NumWorkgroupsFromUniform::Config::Config(std::optional<sem::BindingPoint> ubo_bp)
+    : ubo_binding(ubo_bp) {}
 NumWorkgroupsFromUniform::Config::Config(const Config&) = default;
 NumWorkgroupsFromUniform::Config::~Config() = default;
 
diff --git a/src/tint/transform/num_workgroups_from_uniform.h b/src/tint/transform/num_workgroups_from_uniform.h
index 93c4f15b61..9f0b6c1a7e 100644
--- a/src/tint/transform/num_workgroups_from_uniform.h
+++ b/src/tint/transform/num_workgroups_from_uniform.h
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@
 #ifndef SRC_TINT_TRANSFORM_NUM_WORKGROUPS_FROM_UNIFORM_H_
 #define SRC_TINT_TRANSFORM_NUM_WORKGROUPS_FROM_UNIFORM_H_
 
+#include <optional>  // NOLINT(build/include_order)
+
 #include "src/tint/sem/binding_point.h"
 #include "src/tint/transform/transform.h"
 
@@ -52,8 +54,11 @@ class NumWorkgroupsFromUniform : public Castable<NumWorkgroupsFromUniform, Trans
     /// Configuration options for the NumWorkgroupsFromUniform transform.
     struct Config : public Castable<Data, transform::Data> {
         /// Constructor
-        /// @param ubo_bp the binding point to use for the generated uniform buffer.
-        explicit Config(sem::BindingPoint ubo_bp);
+        /// @param ubo_bp the binding point to use for the generated uniform buffer. If ubo_bp
+        /// contains no value, a free binding point will be used to ensure the generated program is
+        /// valid. Specifically, binding 0 of the largest used group plus 1 is used if at least one
+        /// resource is bound, otherwise group 0 binding 0 is used.
+        explicit Config(std::optional<sem::BindingPoint> ubo_bp);
 
         /// Copy constructor
         Config(const Config&);
@@ -61,8 +66,10 @@ class NumWorkgroupsFromUniform : public Castable<NumWorkgroupsFromUniform, Trans
         /// Destructor
         ~Config() override;
 
-        /// The binding point to use for the generated uniform buffer.
-        sem::BindingPoint ubo_binding;
+        /// The binding point to use for the generated uniform buffer. If ubo_bp contains no value,
+        /// a free binding point will be used. Specifically, binding 0 of the largest used group
+        /// plus 1 is used if at least one resource is bound, otherwise group 0 binding 0 is used.
+        std::optional<sem::BindingPoint> ubo_binding;
     };
 
     /// @param program the program to inspect
diff --git a/src/tint/transform/num_workgroups_from_uniform_test.cc b/src/tint/transform/num_workgroups_from_uniform_test.cc
index de6c6652f1..ffc0ca8812 100644
--- a/src/tint/transform/num_workgroups_from_uniform_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/transform/num_workgroups_from_uniform_test.cc
@@ -434,5 +434,261 @@ fn main(tint_symbol : tint_symbol_1) {
     EXPECT_EQ(expect, str(got));
 }
 
+// Test that group 0 binding 0 is used if no bound resource in the program and binding point is not
+// specified in NumWorkgroupsFromUniform::Config.
+TEST_F(NumWorkgroupsFromUniformTest, UnspecifiedBindingPoint_NoResourceBound) {
+    auto* src = R"(
+struct Builtins1 {
+  @builtin(num_workgroups) num_wgs : vec3<u32>,
+};
+
+struct Builtins2 {
+  @builtin(global_invocation_id) gid : vec3<u32>,
+  @builtin(num_workgroups) num_wgs : vec3<u32>,
+  @builtin(workgroup_id) wgid : vec3<u32>,
+};
+
+@stage(compute) @workgroup_size(1)
+fn main1(in : Builtins1) {
+  let groups_x = in.num_wgs.x;
+  let groups_y = in.num_wgs.y;
+  let groups_z = in.num_wgs.z;
+}
+
+@stage(compute) @workgroup_size(1)
+fn main2(in : Builtins2) {
+  let groups_x = in.num_wgs.x;
+  let groups_y = in.num_wgs.y;
+  let groups_z = in.num_wgs.z;
+}
+
+@stage(compute) @workgroup_size(1)
+fn main3(@builtin(num_workgroups) num_wgs : vec3<u32>) {
+  let groups_x = num_wgs.x;
+  let groups_y = num_wgs.y;
+  let groups_z = num_wgs.z;
+}
+)";
+
+    auto* expect = R"(
+struct tint_symbol_6 {
+  num_workgroups : vec3<u32>,
+}
+
+@group(0) @binding(0) var<uniform> tint_symbol_7 : tint_symbol_6;
+
+struct Builtins1 {
+  num_wgs : vec3<u32>,
+}
+
+struct Builtins2 {
+  gid : vec3<u32>,
+  num_wgs : vec3<u32>,
+  wgid : vec3<u32>,
+}
+
+fn main1_inner(in : Builtins1) {
+  let groups_x = in.num_wgs.x;
+  let groups_y = in.num_wgs.y;
+  let groups_z = in.num_wgs.z;
+}
+
+@stage(compute) @workgroup_size(1)
+fn main1() {
+  main1_inner(Builtins1(tint_symbol_7.num_workgroups));
+}
+
+struct tint_symbol_3 {
+  @builtin(global_invocation_id)
+  gid : vec3<u32>,
+  @builtin(workgroup_id)
+  wgid : vec3<u32>,
+}
+
+fn main2_inner(in : Builtins2) {
+  let groups_x = in.num_wgs.x;
+  let groups_y = in.num_wgs.y;
+  let groups_z = in.num_wgs.z;
+}
+
+@stage(compute) @workgroup_size(1)
+fn main2(tint_symbol_2 : tint_symbol_3) {
+  main2_inner(Builtins2(tint_symbol_2.gid, tint_symbol_7.num_workgroups, tint_symbol_2.wgid));
+}
+
+fn main3_inner(num_wgs : vec3<u32>) {
+  let groups_x = num_wgs.x;
+  let groups_y = num_wgs.y;
+  let groups_z = num_wgs.z;
+}
+
+@stage(compute) @workgroup_size(1)
+fn main3() {
+  main3_inner(tint_symbol_7.num_workgroups);
+}
+)";
+
+    DataMap data;
+    data.Add<CanonicalizeEntryPointIO::Config>(CanonicalizeEntryPointIO::ShaderStyle::kHlsl);
+    // Make binding point unspecified.
+    data.Add<NumWorkgroupsFromUniform::Config>(std::nullopt);
+    auto got = Run<Unshadow, CanonicalizeEntryPointIO, NumWorkgroupsFromUniform>(src, data);
+    EXPECT_EQ(expect, str(got));
+}
+
+// Test that binding 0 of the largest used group plus 1 is used if at least one resource is bound in
+// the program and binding point is not specified in NumWorkgroupsFromUniform::Config.
+TEST_F(NumWorkgroupsFromUniformTest, UnspecifiedBindingPoint_MultipleResourceBound) {
+    auto* src = R"(
+struct Builtins1 {
+  @builtin(num_workgroups) num_wgs : vec3<u32>,
+};
+
+struct Builtins2 {
+  @builtin(global_invocation_id) gid : vec3<u32>,
+  @builtin(num_workgroups) num_wgs : vec3<u32>,
+  @builtin(workgroup_id) wgid : vec3<u32>,
+};
+
+struct S0 {
+  @size(4)
+  m0 : u32,
+  m1 : array<u32>,
+};
+
+struct S1 {
+  @size(4)
+  m0 : u32,
+  m1 : array<u32, 6>,
+};
+
+@group(0) @binding(0) var g2 : texture_2d<f32>;
+@group(1) @binding(0) var g3 : texture_depth_2d;
+@group(1) @binding(1) var g4 : texture_storage_2d<rg32float, write>;
+@group(3) @binding(0) var g5 : texture_depth_cube_array;
+@group(4) @binding(0) var g6 : texture_external;
+
+@group(0) @binding(1) var<storage, write> g8 : S0;
+@group(1) @binding(3) var<storage, read> g9 : S0;
+@group(3) @binding(2) var<storage, read_write> g10 : S0;
+
+@stage(compute) @workgroup_size(1)
+fn main1(in : Builtins1) {
+  let groups_x = in.num_wgs.x;
+  let groups_y = in.num_wgs.y;
+  let groups_z = in.num_wgs.z;
+  g8.m0 = 1u;
+}
+
+@stage(compute) @workgroup_size(1)
+fn main2(in : Builtins2) {
+  let groups_x = in.num_wgs.x;
+  let groups_y = in.num_wgs.y;
+  let groups_z = in.num_wgs.z;
+}
+
+@stage(compute) @workgroup_size(1)
+fn main3(@builtin(num_workgroups) num_wgs : vec3<u32>) {
+  let groups_x = num_wgs.x;
+  let groups_y = num_wgs.y;
+  let groups_z = num_wgs.z;
+}
+)";
+
+    auto* expect = R"(
+struct tint_symbol_6 {
+  num_workgroups : vec3<u32>,
+}
+
+@group(5) @binding(0) var<uniform> tint_symbol_7 : tint_symbol_6;
+
+struct Builtins1 {
+  num_wgs : vec3<u32>,
+}
+
+struct Builtins2 {
+  gid : vec3<u32>,
+  num_wgs : vec3<u32>,
+  wgid : vec3<u32>,
+}
+
+struct S0 {
+  @size(4)
+  m0 : u32,
+  m1 : array<u32>,
+}
+
+struct S1 {
+  @size(4)
+  m0 : u32,
+  m1 : array<u32, 6>,
+}
+
+@group(0) @binding(0) var g2 : texture_2d<f32>;
+
+@group(1) @binding(0) var g3 : texture_depth_2d;
+
+@group(1) @binding(1) var g4 : texture_storage_2d<rg32float, write>;
+
+@group(3) @binding(0) var g5 : texture_depth_cube_array;
+
+@group(4) @binding(0) var g6 : texture_external;
+
+@group(0) @binding(1) var<storage, write> g8 : S0;
+
+@group(1) @binding(3) var<storage, read> g9 : S0;
+
+@group(3) @binding(2) var<storage, read_write> g10 : S0;
+
+fn main1_inner(in : Builtins1) {
+  let groups_x = in.num_wgs.x;
+  let groups_y = in.num_wgs.y;
+  let groups_z = in.num_wgs.z;
+  g8.m0 = 1u;
+}
+
+@stage(compute) @workgroup_size(1)
+fn main1() {
+  main1_inner(Builtins1(tint_symbol_7.num_workgroups));
+}
+
+struct tint_symbol_3 {
+  @builtin(global_invocation_id)
+  gid : vec3<u32>,
+  @builtin(workgroup_id)
+  wgid : vec3<u32>,
+}
+
+fn main2_inner(in : Builtins2) {
+  let groups_x = in.num_wgs.x;
+  let groups_y = in.num_wgs.y;
+  let groups_z = in.num_wgs.z;
+}
+
+@stage(compute) @workgroup_size(1)
+fn main2(tint_symbol_2 : tint_symbol_3) {
+  main2_inner(Builtins2(tint_symbol_2.gid, tint_symbol_7.num_workgroups, tint_symbol_2.wgid));
+}
+
+fn main3_inner(num_wgs : vec3<u32>) {
+  let groups_x = num_wgs.x;
+  let groups_y = num_wgs.y;
+  let groups_z = num_wgs.z;
+}
+
+@stage(compute) @workgroup_size(1)
+fn main3() {
+  main3_inner(tint_symbol_7.num_workgroups);
+}
+)";
+
+    DataMap data;
+    data.Add<CanonicalizeEntryPointIO::Config>(CanonicalizeEntryPointIO::ShaderStyle::kHlsl);
+    // Make binding point unspecified.
+    data.Add<NumWorkgroupsFromUniform::Config>(std::nullopt);
+    auto got = Run<Unshadow, CanonicalizeEntryPointIO, NumWorkgroupsFromUniform>(src, data);
+    EXPECT_EQ(expect, str(got));
+}
+
 }  // namespace
 }  // namespace tint::transform
diff --git a/src/tint/writer/hlsl/generator.h b/src/tint/writer/hlsl/generator.h
index f14da6d113..a18687a709 100644
--- a/src/tint/writer/hlsl/generator.h
+++ b/src/tint/writer/hlsl/generator.h
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 #define SRC_TINT_WRITER_HLSL_GENERATOR_H_
 
 #include <memory>
+#include <optional>  // NOLINT(build/include_order)
 #include <string>
 #include <unordered_set>
 #include <utility>
@@ -46,7 +47,7 @@ struct Options {
     Options& operator=(const Options&);
 
     /// The binding point to use for information passed via root constants.
-    sem::BindingPoint root_constant_binding_point;
+    std::optional<sem::BindingPoint> root_constant_binding_point;
     /// Set to `true` to disable workgroup memory zero initialization
     bool disable_workgroup_init = false;
     /// Set to 'true' to generates binding mappings for external textures