diff --git a/src/dawn/native/BUILD.gn b/src/dawn/native/BUILD.gn
index ee6812bc82..537b0ba583 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/BUILD.gn
+++ b/src/dawn/native/BUILD.gn
@@ -398,8 +398,6 @@ source_set("sources") {
 
   if (dawn_enable_d3d11 || dawn_enable_d3d12) {
     sources += [
-      "d3d/AdapterD3D.cpp",
-      "d3d/AdapterD3D.h",
       "d3d/BackendD3D.cpp",
       "d3d/BackendD3D.h",
       "d3d/BlobD3D.cpp",
@@ -412,6 +410,8 @@ source_set("sources") {
       "d3d/ExternalImageDXGIImpl.cpp",
       "d3d/ExternalImageDXGIImpl.h",
       "d3d/Forward.h",
+      "d3d/PhysicalDeviceD3D.cpp",
+      "d3d/PhysicalDeviceD3D.h",
       "d3d/PlatformFunctions.cpp",
       "d3d/PlatformFunctions.h",
       "d3d/ShaderUtils.cpp",
@@ -427,8 +427,6 @@ source_set("sources") {
   if (dawn_enable_d3d11) {
     libs += [ "dxguid.lib" ]
     sources += [
-      "d3d11/AdapterD3D11.cpp",
-      "d3d11/AdapterD3D11.h",
       "d3d11/BackendD3D11.cpp",
       "d3d11/BackendD3D11.h",
       "d3d11/BindGroupD3D11.cpp",
@@ -448,6 +446,8 @@ source_set("sources") {
       "d3d11/DeviceInfoD3D11.cpp",
       "d3d11/DeviceInfoD3D11.h",
       "d3d11/Forward.h",
+      "d3d11/PhysicalDeviceD3D11.cpp",
+      "d3d11/PhysicalDeviceD3D11.h",
       "d3d11/PipelineLayoutD3D11.cpp",
       "d3d11/PipelineLayoutD3D11.h",
       "d3d11/PlatformFunctionsD3D11.cpp",
@@ -472,8 +472,6 @@ source_set("sources") {
   if (dawn_enable_d3d12) {
     libs += [ "dxguid.lib" ]
     sources += [
-      "d3d12/AdapterD3D12.cpp",
-      "d3d12/AdapterD3D12.h",
       "d3d12/BackendD3D12.cpp",
       "d3d12/BackendD3D12.h",
       "d3d12/BindGroupD3D12.cpp",
@@ -510,6 +508,8 @@ source_set("sources") {
       "d3d12/IntegerTypes.h",
       "d3d12/PageableD3D12.cpp",
       "d3d12/PageableD3D12.h",
+      "d3d12/PhysicalDeviceD3D12.cpp",
+      "d3d12/PhysicalDeviceD3D12.h",
       "d3d12/PipelineLayoutD3D12.cpp",
       "d3d12/PipelineLayoutD3D12.h",
       "d3d12/PlatformFunctionsD3D12.cpp",
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/CMakeLists.txt b/src/dawn/native/CMakeLists.txt
index d370757261..1b143df8b8 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/dawn/native/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -255,8 +255,6 @@ endif()
 if (DAWN_ENABLE_D3D11 OR DAWN_ENABLE_D3D12)
     target_sources(dawn_native PRIVATE
         "${DAWN_INCLUDE_DIR}/dawn/native/D3DBackend.h"
-        "d3d/AdapterD3D.cpp"
-        "d3d/AdapterD3D.h"
         "d3d/BackendD3D.cpp"
         "d3d/BackendD3D.h"
         "d3d/BlobD3D.cpp"
@@ -269,6 +267,8 @@ if (DAWN_ENABLE_D3D11 OR DAWN_ENABLE_D3D12)
         "d3d/ExternalImageDXGIImpl.cpp"
         "d3d/ExternalImageDXGIImpl.h"
         "d3d/Forward.h"
+        "d3d/PhysicalDeviceD3D.cpp"
+        "d3d/PhysicalDeviceD3D.h"
         "d3d/PlatformFunctions.cpp"
         "d3d/PlatformFunctions.h"
         "d3d/ShaderUtils.cpp"
@@ -284,8 +284,6 @@ endif()
 if (DAWN_ENABLE_D3D11)
     target_sources(dawn_native PRIVATE
         "${DAWN_INCLUDE_DIR}/dawn/native/D3D11Backend.h"
-        "d3d11/AdapterD3D11.cpp"
-        "d3d11/AdapterD3D11.h"
         "d3d11/BackendD3D11.cpp"
         "d3d11/BackendD3D11.h"
         "d3d11/BindGroupD3D11.cpp"
@@ -305,6 +303,8 @@ if (DAWN_ENABLE_D3D11)
         "d3d11/DeviceInfoD3D11.cpp"
         "d3d11/DeviceInfoD3D11.h"
         "d3d11/Forward.h"
+        "d3d11/PhysicalDeviceD3D11.cpp"
+        "d3d11/PhysicalDeviceD3D11.h"
         "d3d11/PipelineLayoutD3D11.cpp"
         "d3d11/PipelineLayoutD3D11.h"
         "d3d11/PlatformFunctionsD3D11.cpp"
@@ -329,8 +329,6 @@ endif()
 if (DAWN_ENABLE_D3D12)
     target_sources(dawn_native PRIVATE
         "${DAWN_INCLUDE_DIR}/dawn/native/D3D12Backend.h"
-        "d3d12/AdapterD3D12.cpp"
-        "d3d12/AdapterD3D12.h"
         "d3d12/BackendD3D12.cpp"
         "d3d12/BackendD3D12.h"
         "d3d12/BindGroupD3D12.cpp"
@@ -367,6 +365,8 @@ if (DAWN_ENABLE_D3D12)
         "d3d12/IntegerTypes.h"
         "d3d12/PageableD3D12.cpp"
         "d3d12/PageableD3D12.h"
+        "d3d12/PhysicalDeviceD3D12.cpp"
+        "d3d12/PhysicalDeviceD3D12.h"
         "d3d12/PipelineLayoutD3D12.cpp"
         "d3d12/PipelineLayoutD3D12.h"
         "d3d12/PlatformFunctionsD3D12.cpp"
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/Device.cpp b/src/dawn/native/Device.cpp
index 80623b87a0..e40dd5d744 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/Device.cpp
+++ b/src/dawn/native/Device.cpp
@@ -715,10 +715,15 @@ ApiObjectList* DeviceBase::GetObjectTrackingList(ObjectType type) {
     return &mObjectLists[type];
 }
 
-PhysicalDeviceBase* DeviceBase::GetAdapter() const {
+AdapterBase* DeviceBase::GetAdapter() const {
     return mAdapter.Get();
 }
 
+PhysicalDeviceBase* DeviceBase::GetPhysicalDevice() const {
+    return mAdapter
+        .Get();  // TODO(dawn:1774): This will retrieve the PhysicalDevice from the AdapterBase.
+}
+
 dawn::platform::Platform* DeviceBase::GetPlatform() const {
     return GetAdapter()->GetInstance()->GetPlatform();
 }
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/Device.h b/src/dawn/native/Device.h
index 6d19badef9..364786ffb6 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/Device.h
+++ b/src/dawn/native/Device.h
@@ -155,6 +155,7 @@ class DeviceBase : public RefCountedWithExternalCount {
     MaybeError ValidateObject(const ApiObjectBase* object) const;
 
     AdapterBase* GetAdapter() const;
+    PhysicalDeviceBase* GetPhysicalDevice() const;
     virtual dawn::platform::Platform* GetPlatform() const;
 
     // Returns the Format corresponding to the wgpu::TextureFormat or an error if the format
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/ToBackend.h b/src/dawn/native/ToBackend.h
index a4758e27ca..ffc507b8f2 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/ToBackend.h
+++ b/src/dawn/native/ToBackend.h
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ struct ToBackendTraits;
 
 template <typename BackendTraits>
 struct ToBackendTraits<PhysicalDeviceBase, BackendTraits> {
-    using BackendType = typename BackendTraits::AdapterType;
+    using BackendType = typename BackendTraits::PhysicalDeviceType;
 };
 
 template <typename BackendTraits>
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/d3d/BackendD3D.cpp b/src/dawn/native/d3d/BackendD3D.cpp
index 3c36033d07..bda0dab2f6 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/d3d/BackendD3D.cpp
+++ b/src/dawn/native/d3d/BackendD3D.cpp
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ ResultOrError<std::vector<Ref<PhysicalDeviceBase>>> Backend::DiscoverAdapters(
         // |dxgiAdapter| was provided. Discover just that adapter.
         Ref<PhysicalDeviceBase> adapter;
         DAWN_TRY_ASSIGN(adapter,
-                        CreateAdapterFromIDXGIAdapter(options->dxgiAdapter, adapterToggles));
+                        CreatePhysicalDeviceFromIDXGIAdapter(options->dxgiAdapter, adapterToggles));
         adapters.push_back(std::move(adapter));
         return std::move(adapters);
     }
@@ -274,8 +274,8 @@ ResultOrError<std::vector<Ref<PhysicalDeviceBase>>> Backend::DiscoverAdapters(
 
         ASSERT(dxgiAdapter != nullptr);
         Ref<PhysicalDeviceBase> adapter;
-        if (GetInstance()->ConsumedError(CreateAdapterFromIDXGIAdapter(dxgiAdapter, adapterToggles),
-                                         &adapter)) {
+        if (GetInstance()->ConsumedError(
+                CreatePhysicalDeviceFromIDXGIAdapter(dxgiAdapter, adapterToggles), &adapter)) {
             continue;
         }
 
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/d3d/BackendD3D.h b/src/dawn/native/d3d/BackendD3D.h
index a4137130f0..53a0edfbf3 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/d3d/BackendD3D.h
+++ b/src/dawn/native/d3d/BackendD3D.h
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ class Backend : public BackendConnection {
         const TogglesState& adapterToggles) override;
 
   protected:
-    virtual ResultOrError<Ref<PhysicalDeviceBase>> CreateAdapterFromIDXGIAdapter(
+    virtual ResultOrError<Ref<PhysicalDeviceBase>> CreatePhysicalDeviceFromIDXGIAdapter(
         ComPtr<IDXGIAdapter> dxgiAdapter,
         const TogglesState& adapterToggles) = 0;
 
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/d3d/DeviceD3D.cpp b/src/dawn/native/d3d/DeviceD3D.cpp
index 1dc884f187..df1c6ead89 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/d3d/DeviceD3D.cpp
+++ b/src/dawn/native/d3d/DeviceD3D.cpp
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "dawn/native/d3d/DeviceD3D.h"
 
-#include "dawn/native/d3d/AdapterD3D.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d/BackendD3D.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d/Forward.h"
+#include "dawn/native/d3d/PhysicalDeviceD3D.h"
 
 namespace dawn::native::d3d {
 
@@ -35,23 +35,23 @@ ResultOrError<wgpu::TextureUsage> Device::GetSupportedSurfaceUsageImpl(
 }
 
 const PlatformFunctions* Device::GetFunctions() const {
-    return ToBackend(GetAdapter())->GetBackend()->GetFunctions();
+    return ToBackend(GetPhysicalDevice())->GetBackend()->GetFunctions();
 }
 
 ComPtr<IDXGIFactory4> Device::GetFactory() const {
-    return ToBackend(GetAdapter())->GetBackend()->GetFactory();
+    return ToBackend(GetPhysicalDevice())->GetBackend()->GetFactory();
 }
 
 ComPtr<IDxcLibrary> Device::GetDxcLibrary() const {
-    return ToBackend(GetAdapter())->GetBackend()->GetDxcLibrary();
+    return ToBackend(GetPhysicalDevice())->GetBackend()->GetDxcLibrary();
 }
 
 ComPtr<IDxcCompiler> Device::GetDxcCompiler() const {
-    return ToBackend(GetAdapter())->GetBackend()->GetDxcCompiler();
+    return ToBackend(GetPhysicalDevice())->GetBackend()->GetDxcCompiler();
 }
 
 ComPtr<IDxcValidator> Device::GetDxcValidator() const {
-    return ToBackend(GetAdapter())->GetBackend()->GetDxcValidator();
+    return ToBackend(GetPhysicalDevice())->GetBackend()->GetDxcValidator();
 }
 
 }  // namespace dawn::native::d3d
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/d3d/Forward.h b/src/dawn/native/d3d/Forward.h
index 361241707f..e1d4db33ac 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/d3d/Forward.h
+++ b/src/dawn/native/d3d/Forward.h
@@ -19,13 +19,13 @@
 
 namespace dawn::native::d3d {
 
-class Adapter;
+class PhysicalDevice;
 class Device;
 class SwapChain;
 
 struct D3DBackendTraits {
-    using AdapterType = Adapter;
     using DeviceType = Device;
+    using PhysicalDeviceType = PhysicalDevice;
     using SwapChainType = SwapChain;
 };
 
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/d3d/AdapterD3D.cpp b/src/dawn/native/d3d/PhysicalDeviceD3D.cpp
similarity index 82%
rename from src/dawn/native/d3d/AdapterD3D.cpp
rename to src/dawn/native/d3d/PhysicalDeviceD3D.cpp
index 34dd1592e2..a747ba02f5 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/d3d/AdapterD3D.cpp
+++ b/src/dawn/native/d3d/PhysicalDeviceD3D.cpp
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
 
-#include "dawn/native/d3d/AdapterD3D.h"
+#include "dawn/native/d3d/PhysicalDeviceD3D.h"
 
 #include <string>
 #include <utility>
@@ -22,25 +22,25 @@
 
 namespace dawn::native::d3d {
 
-Adapter::Adapter(Backend* backend,
-                 ComPtr<IDXGIAdapter3> hardwareAdapter,
-                 wgpu::BackendType backendType,
-                 const TogglesState& adapterToggles)
+PhysicalDevice::PhysicalDevice(Backend* backend,
+                               ComPtr<IDXGIAdapter3> hardwareAdapter,
+                               wgpu::BackendType backendType,
+                               const TogglesState& adapterToggles)
     : PhysicalDeviceBase(backend->GetInstance(), backendType, adapterToggles),
       mHardwareAdapter(std::move(hardwareAdapter)),
       mBackend(backend) {}
 
-Adapter::~Adapter() = default;
+PhysicalDevice::~PhysicalDevice() = default;
 
-IDXGIAdapter3* Adapter::GetHardwareAdapter() const {
+IDXGIAdapter3* PhysicalDevice::GetHardwareAdapter() const {
     return mHardwareAdapter.Get();
 }
 
-Backend* Adapter::GetBackend() const {
+Backend* PhysicalDevice::GetBackend() const {
     return mBackend;
 }
 
-MaybeError Adapter::InitializeImpl() {
+MaybeError PhysicalDevice::InitializeImpl() {
     DXGI_ADAPTER_DESC1 adapterDesc;
     GetHardwareAdapter()->GetDesc1(&adapterDesc);
 
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/d3d/AdapterD3D.h b/src/dawn/native/d3d/PhysicalDeviceD3D.h
similarity index 69%
rename from src/dawn/native/d3d/AdapterD3D.h
rename to src/dawn/native/d3d/PhysicalDeviceD3D.h
index 86ada890dc..57209b8edd 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/d3d/AdapterD3D.h
+++ b/src/dawn/native/d3d/PhysicalDeviceD3D.h
@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
 
-#ifndef SRC_DAWN_NATIVE_D3D_ADAPTERD3D_H_
-#define SRC_DAWN_NATIVE_D3D_ADAPTERD3D_H_
+#ifndef SRC_DAWN_NATIVE_D3D_PHYSICALDEVICED3D_H_
+#define SRC_DAWN_NATIVE_D3D_PHYSICALDEVICED3D_H_
 
 #include "dawn/native/PhysicalDevice.h"
 
@@ -23,13 +23,13 @@ namespace dawn::native::d3d {
 
 class Backend;
 
-class Adapter : public PhysicalDeviceBase {
+class PhysicalDevice : public PhysicalDeviceBase {
   public:
-    Adapter(Backend* backend,
-            ComPtr<IDXGIAdapter3> hardwareAdapter,
-            wgpu::BackendType backendType,
-            const TogglesState& adapterToggles);
-    ~Adapter() override;
+    PhysicalDevice(Backend* backend,
+                   ComPtr<IDXGIAdapter3> hardwareAdapter,
+                   wgpu::BackendType backendType,
+                   const TogglesState& adapterToggles);
+    ~PhysicalDevice() override;
 
     IDXGIAdapter3* GetHardwareAdapter() const;
     Backend* GetBackend() const;
@@ -44,4 +44,4 @@ class Adapter : public PhysicalDeviceBase {
 
 }  // namespace dawn::native::d3d
 
-#endif  // SRC_DAWN_NATIVE_D3D_ADAPTERD3D_H_
+#endif  // SRC_DAWN_NATIVE_D3D_PHYSICALDEVICED3D_H_
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/d3d11/BackendD3D11.cpp b/src/dawn/native/d3d11/BackendD3D11.cpp
index 6bdf1e73fb..9b9946bc9f 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/d3d11/BackendD3D11.cpp
+++ b/src/dawn/native/d3d11/BackendD3D11.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #include "dawn/native/D3D11Backend.h"
 #include "dawn/native/Instance.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d/D3DError.h"
-#include "dawn/native/d3d11/AdapterD3D11.h"
+#include "dawn/native/d3d11/PhysicalDeviceD3D11.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d11/PlatformFunctionsD3D11.h"
 
 namespace dawn::native::d3d11 {
@@ -41,15 +41,16 @@ const PlatformFunctions* Backend::GetFunctions() const {
     return static_cast<const PlatformFunctions*>(Base::GetFunctions());
 }
 
-ResultOrError<Ref<PhysicalDeviceBase>> Backend::CreateAdapterFromIDXGIAdapter(
+ResultOrError<Ref<PhysicalDeviceBase>> Backend::CreatePhysicalDeviceFromIDXGIAdapter(
     ComPtr<IDXGIAdapter> dxgiAdapter,
     const TogglesState& adapterToggles) {
     ComPtr<IDXGIAdapter3> dxgiAdapter3;
     DAWN_TRY(CheckHRESULT(dxgiAdapter.As(&dxgiAdapter3), "DXGIAdapter retrieval"));
-    Ref<Adapter> adapter = AcquireRef(new Adapter(this, std::move(dxgiAdapter3), adapterToggles));
-    DAWN_TRY(adapter->Initialize());
+    Ref<PhysicalDevice> physicalDevice =
+        AcquireRef(new PhysicalDevice(this, std::move(dxgiAdapter3), adapterToggles));
+    DAWN_TRY(physicalDevice->Initialize());
 
-    return {std::move(adapter)};
+    return {std::move(physicalDevice)};
 }
 
 BackendConnection* Connect(InstanceBase* instance) {
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/d3d11/BackendD3D11.h b/src/dawn/native/d3d11/BackendD3D11.h
index 8e3cbb7df0..3ee7480e36 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/d3d11/BackendD3D11.h
+++ b/src/dawn/native/d3d11/BackendD3D11.h
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ class Backend : public d3d::Backend {
     const PlatformFunctions* GetFunctions() const;
 
   protected:
-    ResultOrError<Ref<PhysicalDeviceBase>> CreateAdapterFromIDXGIAdapter(
+    ResultOrError<Ref<PhysicalDeviceBase>> CreatePhysicalDeviceFromIDXGIAdapter(
         ComPtr<IDXGIAdapter> dxgiAdapter,
         const TogglesState& adapterToggles) override;
 
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/d3d11/DeviceD3D11.cpp b/src/dawn/native/d3d11/DeviceD3D11.cpp
index 33de82f1f5..2fd6f3bd1b 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/d3d11/DeviceD3D11.cpp
+++ b/src/dawn/native/d3d11/DeviceD3D11.cpp
@@ -25,13 +25,13 @@
 #include "dawn/native/Instance.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d/D3DError.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d/ExternalImageDXGIImpl.h"
-#include "dawn/native/d3d11/AdapterD3D11.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d11/BackendD3D11.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d11/BindGroupD3D11.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d11/BindGroupLayoutD3D11.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d11/BufferD3D11.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d11/CommandBufferD3D11.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d11/ComputePipelineD3D11.h"
+#include "dawn/native/d3d11/PhysicalDeviceD3D11.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d11/PipelineLayoutD3D11.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d11/PlatformFunctionsD3D11.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d11/QueueD3D11.h"
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ void AppendDebugLayerMessagesToError(ID3D11InfoQueue* infoQueue,
 }  // namespace
 
 // static
-ResultOrError<Ref<Device>> Device::Create(Adapter* adapter,
+ResultOrError<Ref<Device>> Device::Create(AdapterBase* adapter,
                                           const DeviceDescriptor* descriptor,
                                           const TogglesState& deviceToggles) {
     Ref<Device> device = AcquireRef(new Device(adapter, descriptor, deviceToggles));
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ ResultOrError<Ref<Device>> Device::Create(Adapter* adapter,
 }
 
 MaybeError Device::Initialize(const DeviceDescriptor* descriptor) {
-    DAWN_TRY_ASSIGN(mD3d11Device, ToBackend(GetAdapter())->CreateD3D11Device());
+    DAWN_TRY_ASSIGN(mD3d11Device, ToBackend(GetPhysicalDevice())->CreateD3D11Device());
     ASSERT(mD3d11Device != nullptr);
 
     DAWN_TRY(DeviceBase::Initialize(Queue::Create(this, &descriptor->defaultQueue)));
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ MaybeError Device::CopyFromStagingToTextureImpl(const BufferBase* source,
 }
 
 const DeviceInfo& Device::GetDeviceInfo() const {
-    return ToBackend(GetAdapter())->GetDeviceInfo();
+    return ToBackend(GetPhysicalDevice())->GetDeviceInfo();
 }
 
 MaybeError Device::WaitForIdleForDestruction() {
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ MaybeError Device::WaitForIdleForDestruction() {
 }
 
 MaybeError Device::CheckDebugLayerAndGenerateErrors() {
-    if (!GetAdapter()->GetInstance()->IsBackendValidationEnabled()) {
+    if (!GetPhysicalDevice()->GetInstance()->IsBackendValidationEnabled()) {
         return {};
     }
 
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ MaybeError Device::CheckDebugLayerAndGenerateErrors() {
 }
 
 void Device::AppendDebugLayerMessages(ErrorData* error) {
-    if (!GetAdapter()->GetInstance()->IsBackendValidationEnabled()) {
+    if (!GetPhysicalDevice()->GetInstance()->IsBackendValidationEnabled()) {
         return;
     }
 
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/d3d11/DeviceD3D11.h b/src/dawn/native/d3d11/DeviceD3D11.h
index 99cf3f5529..1b1774d201 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/d3d11/DeviceD3D11.h
+++ b/src/dawn/native/d3d11/DeviceD3D11.h
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ class Fence;
 // Definition of backend types
 class Device final : public d3d::Device {
   public:
-    static ResultOrError<Ref<Device>> Create(Adapter* adapter,
+    static ResultOrError<Ref<Device>> Create(AdapterBase* adapter,
                                              const DeviceDescriptor* descriptor,
                                              const TogglesState& deviceToggles);
     ~Device() override;
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/d3d11/DeviceInfoD3D11.h b/src/dawn/native/d3d11/DeviceInfoD3D11.h
index 0f5992571c..71192f7606 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/d3d11/DeviceInfoD3D11.h
+++ b/src/dawn/native/d3d11/DeviceInfoD3D11.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 namespace dawn::native::d3d11 {
 
-class Adapter;
+class PhysicalDevice;
 
 struct DeviceInfo {
     bool isUMA;
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/d3d11/Forward.h b/src/dawn/native/d3d11/Forward.h
index 398bdd2b05..d57589cc3b 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/d3d11/Forward.h
+++ b/src/dawn/native/d3d11/Forward.h
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 
 namespace dawn::native::d3d11 {
 
-class Adapter;
 class BindGroup;
 class BindGroupLayout;
 class Buffer;
@@ -27,6 +26,7 @@ class CommandBuffer;
 class ComputePipeline;
 class Device;
 class Heap;
+class PhysicalDevice;
 class PipelineCache;
 class PipelineLayout;
 class QuerySet;
@@ -39,13 +39,13 @@ class Texture;
 class TextureView;
 
 struct D3D11BackendTraits {
-    using AdapterType = Adapter;
     using BindGroupType = BindGroup;
     using BindGroupLayoutType = BindGroupLayout;
     using BufferType = Buffer;
     using CommandBufferType = CommandBuffer;
     using ComputePipelineType = ComputePipeline;
     using DeviceType = Device;
+    using PhysicalDeviceType = PhysicalDevice;
     using PipelineCacheType = PipelineCache;
     using PipelineLayoutType = PipelineLayout;
     using QuerySetType = QuerySet;
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/d3d11/AdapterD3D11.cpp b/src/dawn/native/d3d11/PhysicalDeviceD3D11.cpp
similarity index 88%
rename from src/dawn/native/d3d11/AdapterD3D11.cpp
rename to src/dawn/native/d3d11/PhysicalDeviceD3D11.cpp
index b2744b65bb..c39d47f580 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/d3d11/AdapterD3D11.cpp
+++ b/src/dawn/native/d3d11/PhysicalDeviceD3D11.cpp
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
 
-#include "dawn/native/d3d11/AdapterD3D11.h"
+#include "dawn/native/d3d11/PhysicalDeviceD3D11.h"
 
 #include <string>
 #include <utility>
@@ -61,23 +61,23 @@ MaybeError InitializeDebugLayerFilters(ComPtr<ID3D11Device> d3d11Device) {
 
 }  // namespace
 
-Adapter::Adapter(Backend* backend,
-                 ComPtr<IDXGIAdapter3> hardwareAdapter,
-                 const TogglesState& adapterToggles)
+PhysicalDevice::PhysicalDevice(Backend* backend,
+                               ComPtr<IDXGIAdapter3> hardwareAdapter,
+                               const TogglesState& adapterToggles)
     : Base(backend, std::move(hardwareAdapter), wgpu::BackendType::D3D11, adapterToggles) {}
 
-Adapter::~Adapter() = default;
+PhysicalDevice::~PhysicalDevice() = default;
 
-bool Adapter::SupportsExternalImages() const {
+bool PhysicalDevice::SupportsExternalImages() const {
     // TODO(dawn:1724): Implement external images on D3D11.
     return false;
 }
 
-const DeviceInfo& Adapter::GetDeviceInfo() const {
+const DeviceInfo& PhysicalDevice::GetDeviceInfo() const {
     return mDeviceInfo;
 }
 
-ResultOrError<ComPtr<ID3D11Device>> Adapter::CreateD3D11Device() {
+ResultOrError<ComPtr<ID3D11Device>> PhysicalDevice::CreateD3D11Device() {
     ComPtr<ID3D11Device> device = std::move(mD3d11Device);
     if (!device) {
         const PlatformFunctions* functions = static_cast<Backend*>(GetBackend())->GetFunctions();
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ ResultOrError<ComPtr<ID3D11Device>> Adapter::CreateD3D11Device() {
     return device;
 }
 
-MaybeError Adapter::InitializeImpl() {
+MaybeError PhysicalDevice::InitializeImpl() {
     DAWN_TRY(Base::InitializeImpl());
     // D3D11 cannot check for feature support without a device.
     // Create the device to populate the adapter properties then reuse it when needed for actual
@@ -121,12 +121,12 @@ MaybeError Adapter::InitializeImpl() {
     return {};
 }
 
-void Adapter::InitializeSupportedFeaturesImpl() {
+void PhysicalDevice::InitializeSupportedFeaturesImpl() {
     EnableFeature(Feature::TextureCompressionBC);
     EnableFeature(Feature::SurfaceCapabilities);
 }
 
-MaybeError Adapter::InitializeSupportedLimitsImpl(CombinedLimits* limits) {
+MaybeError PhysicalDevice::InitializeSupportedLimitsImpl(CombinedLimits* limits) {
     GetDefaultLimits(&limits->v1);
 
     // // https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/direct3d12/hardware-feature-levels
@@ -188,18 +188,19 @@ MaybeError Adapter::InitializeSupportedLimitsImpl(CombinedLimits* limits) {
     return {};
 }
 
-MaybeError Adapter::ValidateFeatureSupportedWithTogglesImpl(wgpu::FeatureName feature,
-                                                            const TogglesState& toggles) const {
+MaybeError PhysicalDevice::ValidateFeatureSupportedWithTogglesImpl(
+    wgpu::FeatureName feature,
+    const TogglesState& toggles) const {
     return {};
 }
 
-void Adapter::SetupBackendDeviceToggles(TogglesState* deviceToggles) const {
+void PhysicalDevice::SetupBackendDeviceToggles(TogglesState* deviceToggles) const {
     // D3D11 can only clear RTV with float values.
     deviceToggles->Default(Toggle::ApplyClearBigIntegerColorValueWithDraw, true);
 }
 
-ResultOrError<Ref<DeviceBase>> Adapter::CreateDeviceImpl(const DeviceDescriptor* descriptor,
-                                                         const TogglesState& deviceToggles) {
+ResultOrError<Ref<DeviceBase>> PhysicalDevice::CreateDeviceImpl(const DeviceDescriptor* descriptor,
+                                                                const TogglesState& deviceToggles) {
     return Device::Create(this, descriptor, deviceToggles);
 }
 
@@ -207,7 +208,7 @@ ResultOrError<Ref<DeviceBase>> Adapter::CreateDeviceImpl(const DeviceDescriptor*
 // current ID3D11Device have not been destroyed, a non-zero value will be returned upon Reset()
 // and the subequent call to CreateDevice will return a handle the existing device instead of
 // creating a new one.
-MaybeError Adapter::ResetInternalDeviceForTestingImpl() {
+MaybeError PhysicalDevice::ResetInternalDeviceForTestingImpl() {
     [[maybe_unused]] auto refCount = mD3d11Device.Reset();
     ASSERT(refCount == 0);
     DAWN_TRY(Initialize());
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/d3d11/AdapterD3D11.h b/src/dawn/native/d3d11/PhysicalDeviceD3D11.h
similarity index 78%
rename from src/dawn/native/d3d11/AdapterD3D11.h
rename to src/dawn/native/d3d11/PhysicalDeviceD3D11.h
index 41c281b38e..9c3a7458a0 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/d3d11/AdapterD3D11.h
+++ b/src/dawn/native/d3d11/PhysicalDeviceD3D11.h
@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
 
-#ifndef SRC_DAWN_NATIVE_D3D11_ADAPTERD3D11_H_
-#define SRC_DAWN_NATIVE_D3D11_ADAPTERD3D11_H_
+#ifndef SRC_DAWN_NATIVE_D3D11_PHYSICALDEVICED3D11_H_
+#define SRC_DAWN_NATIVE_D3D11_PHYSICALDEVICED3D11_H_
 
-#include "dawn/native/d3d/AdapterD3D.h"
+#include "dawn/native/d3d/PhysicalDeviceD3D.h"
 
 #include "dawn/native/d3d/d3d_platform.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d11/DeviceInfoD3D11.h"
@@ -24,12 +24,12 @@ namespace dawn::native::d3d11 {
 
 class Backend;
 
-class Adapter : public d3d::Adapter {
+class PhysicalDevice : public d3d::PhysicalDevice {
   public:
-    Adapter(Backend* backend,
-            ComPtr<IDXGIAdapter3> hardwareAdapter,
-            const TogglesState& adapterToggles);
-    ~Adapter() override;
+    PhysicalDevice(Backend* backend,
+                   ComPtr<IDXGIAdapter3> hardwareAdapter,
+                   const TogglesState& adapterToggles);
+    ~PhysicalDevice() override;
 
     // PhysicalDeviceBase Implementation
     bool SupportsExternalImages() const override;
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ class Adapter : public d3d::Adapter {
     ResultOrError<ComPtr<ID3D11Device>> CreateD3D11Device();
 
   private:
-    using Base = d3d::Adapter;
+    using Base = d3d::PhysicalDevice;
 
     void SetupBackendDeviceToggles(TogglesState* deviceToggles) const override;
 
@@ -60,4 +60,4 @@ class Adapter : public d3d::Adapter {
 
 }  // namespace dawn::native::d3d11
 
-#endif  // SRC_DAWN_NATIVE_D3D11_ADAPTERD3D11_H_
+#endif  // SRC_DAWN_NATIVE_D3D11_PHYSICALDEVICED3D11_H_
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/d3d11/ShaderModuleD3D11.cpp b/src/dawn/native/d3d11/ShaderModuleD3D11.cpp
index 6ccbe3eba2..23fd202645 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/d3d11/ShaderModuleD3D11.cpp
+++ b/src/dawn/native/d3d11/ShaderModuleD3D11.cpp
@@ -24,10 +24,10 @@
 #include "dawn/native/TintUtils.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d/D3DCompilationRequest.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d/D3DError.h"
-#include "dawn/native/d3d11/AdapterD3D11.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d11/BackendD3D11.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d11/BindGroupLayoutD3D11.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d11/DeviceD3D11.h"
+#include "dawn/native/d3d11/PhysicalDeviceD3D11.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d11/PipelineLayoutD3D11.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d11/PlatformFunctionsD3D11.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d11/UtilsD3D11.h"
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/d3d12/BackendD3D12.cpp b/src/dawn/native/d3d12/BackendD3D12.cpp
index 5cece4a60b..696bd3df25 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/d3d12/BackendD3D12.cpp
+++ b/src/dawn/native/d3d12/BackendD3D12.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #include "dawn/native/D3D12Backend.h"
 #include "dawn/native/Instance.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d/D3DError.h"
-#include "dawn/native/d3d12/AdapterD3D12.h"
+#include "dawn/native/d3d12/PhysicalDeviceD3D12.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d12/PlatformFunctionsD3D12.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d12/UtilsD3D12.h"
 
@@ -63,15 +63,16 @@ const PlatformFunctions* Backend::GetFunctions() const {
     return static_cast<const PlatformFunctions*>(Base::GetFunctions());
 }
 
-ResultOrError<Ref<PhysicalDeviceBase>> Backend::CreateAdapterFromIDXGIAdapter(
+ResultOrError<Ref<PhysicalDeviceBase>> Backend::CreatePhysicalDeviceFromIDXGIAdapter(
     ComPtr<IDXGIAdapter> dxgiAdapter,
     const TogglesState& adapterToggles) {
     ComPtr<IDXGIAdapter3> dxgiAdapter3;
     DAWN_TRY(CheckHRESULT(dxgiAdapter.As(&dxgiAdapter3), "DXGIAdapter retrieval"));
-    Ref<Adapter> adapter = AcquireRef(new Adapter(this, std::move(dxgiAdapter3), adapterToggles));
-    DAWN_TRY(adapter->Initialize());
+    Ref<PhysicalDevice> physicalDevice =
+        AcquireRef(new PhysicalDevice(this, std::move(dxgiAdapter3), adapterToggles));
+    DAWN_TRY(physicalDevice->Initialize());
 
-    return {std::move(adapter)};
+    return {std::move(physicalDevice)};
 }
 
 BackendConnection* Connect(InstanceBase* instance) {
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/d3d12/BackendD3D12.h b/src/dawn/native/d3d12/BackendD3D12.h
index 6170bc0f71..06c5436ef6 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/d3d12/BackendD3D12.h
+++ b/src/dawn/native/d3d12/BackendD3D12.h
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ class Backend final : public d3d::Backend {
     const PlatformFunctions* GetFunctions() const;
 
   protected:
-    ResultOrError<Ref<PhysicalDeviceBase>> CreateAdapterFromIDXGIAdapter(
+    ResultOrError<Ref<PhysicalDeviceBase>> CreatePhysicalDeviceFromIDXGIAdapter(
         ComPtr<IDXGIAdapter> dxgiAdapter,
         const TogglesState& adapterToggles) override;
 
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/d3d12/D3D12Info.cpp b/src/dawn/native/d3d12/D3D12Info.cpp
index ee927ef36b..b9811b1c5f 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/d3d12/D3D12Info.cpp
+++ b/src/dawn/native/d3d12/D3D12Info.cpp
@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@
 
 #include "dawn/common/GPUInfo.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d/D3DError.h"
-#include "dawn/native/d3d12/AdapterD3D12.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d12/BackendD3D12.h"
+#include "dawn/native/d3d12/PhysicalDeviceD3D12.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d12/PlatformFunctionsD3D12.h"
 
 namespace dawn::native::d3d12 {
 
-ResultOrError<D3D12DeviceInfo> GatherDeviceInfo(const Adapter& adapter) {
+ResultOrError<D3D12DeviceInfo> GatherDeviceInfo(const PhysicalDevice& physicalDevice) {
     D3D12DeviceInfo info = {};
 
     // Newer builds replace D3D_FEATURE_DATA_ARCHITECTURE with
@@ -32,26 +32,26 @@ ResultOrError<D3D12DeviceInfo> GatherDeviceInfo(const Adapter& adapter) {
     // for backwards compat.
     // https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/desktop/api/d3d12/ne-d3d12-d3d12_feature
     D3D12_FEATURE_DATA_ARCHITECTURE arch = {};
-    DAWN_TRY(CheckHRESULT(
-        adapter.GetDevice()->CheckFeatureSupport(D3D12_FEATURE_ARCHITECTURE, &arch, sizeof(arch)),
-        "ID3D12Device::CheckFeatureSupport"));
+    DAWN_TRY(CheckHRESULT(physicalDevice.GetDevice()->CheckFeatureSupport(
+                              D3D12_FEATURE_ARCHITECTURE, &arch, sizeof(arch)),
+                          "ID3D12Device::CheckFeatureSupport"));
 
     info.isUMA = arch.UMA;
 
     D3D12_FEATURE_DATA_D3D12_OPTIONS featureOptions = {};
-    DAWN_TRY(CheckHRESULT(adapter.GetDevice()->CheckFeatureSupport(
+    DAWN_TRY(CheckHRESULT(physicalDevice.GetDevice()->CheckFeatureSupport(
                               D3D12_FEATURE_D3D12_OPTIONS, &featureOptions, sizeof(featureOptions)),
                           "ID3D12Device::CheckFeatureSupport"));
     info.resourceHeapTier = featureOptions.ResourceHeapTier;
 
     D3D12_FEATURE_DATA_D3D12_OPTIONS2 featureOptions2 = {};
-    if (SUCCEEDED(adapter.GetDevice()->CheckFeatureSupport(
+    if (SUCCEEDED(physicalDevice.GetDevice()->CheckFeatureSupport(
             D3D12_FEATURE_D3D12_OPTIONS2, &featureOptions2, sizeof(featureOptions2)))) {
         info.programmableSamplePositionsTier = featureOptions2.ProgrammableSamplePositionsTier;
     }
 
     D3D12_FEATURE_DATA_D3D12_OPTIONS3 featureOptions3 = {};
-    if (SUCCEEDED(adapter.GetDevice()->CheckFeatureSupport(
+    if (SUCCEEDED(physicalDevice.GetDevice()->CheckFeatureSupport(
             D3D12_FEATURE_D3D12_OPTIONS3, &featureOptions3, sizeof(featureOptions3)))) {
         info.supportsCastingFullyTypedFormat = featureOptions3.CastingFullyTypedFormatSupported;
     }
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ ResultOrError<D3D12DeviceInfo> GatherDeviceInfo(const Adapter& adapter) {
     // D3D12_FEATURE_D3D12_OPTIONS4 successfully, then we can use cross-API sharing.
     info.supportsSharedResourceCapabilityTier1 = false;
     D3D12_FEATURE_DATA_D3D12_OPTIONS4 featureOptions4 = {};
-    if (SUCCEEDED(adapter.GetDevice()->CheckFeatureSupport(
+    if (SUCCEEDED(physicalDevice.GetDevice()->CheckFeatureSupport(
             D3D12_FEATURE_D3D12_OPTIONS4, &featureOptions4, sizeof(featureOptions4)))) {
         // Tier 1 support additionally enables the NV12 format. Since only the NV12 format
         // is used by Dawn, check for Tier 1.
@@ -75,13 +75,13 @@ ResultOrError<D3D12DeviceInfo> GatherDeviceInfo(const Adapter& adapter) {
     // the render pass API.
     info.supportsRenderPass = false;
     D3D12_FEATURE_DATA_D3D12_OPTIONS5 featureOptions5 = {};
-    if (SUCCEEDED(adapter.GetDevice()->CheckFeatureSupport(
+    if (SUCCEEDED(physicalDevice.GetDevice()->CheckFeatureSupport(
             D3D12_FEATURE_D3D12_OPTIONS5, &featureOptions5, sizeof(featureOptions5)))) {
         // Performance regressions been observed when using a render pass on Intel graphics
         // with RENDER_PASS_TIER_1 available, so fall back to a software emulated render
         // pass on these platforms.
         if (featureOptions5.RenderPassesTier < D3D12_RENDER_PASS_TIER_1 ||
-            !gpu_info::IsIntel(adapter.GetVendorId())) {
+            !gpu_info::IsIntel(physicalDevice.GetVendorId())) {
             info.supportsRenderPass = true;
         }
     }
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ ResultOrError<D3D12DeviceInfo> GatherDeviceInfo(const Adapter& adapter) {
         {D3D_SHADER_MODEL_6_1}, {D3D_SHADER_MODEL_6_0}, {D3D_SHADER_MODEL_5_1}};
     uint32_t driverShaderModel = 0;
     for (D3D12_FEATURE_DATA_SHADER_MODEL shaderModel : knownShaderModels) {
-        if (SUCCEEDED(adapter.GetDevice()->CheckFeatureSupport(
+        if (SUCCEEDED(physicalDevice.GetDevice()->CheckFeatureSupport(
                 D3D12_FEATURE_SHADER_MODEL, &shaderModel, sizeof(shaderModel)))) {
             driverShaderModel = shaderModel.HighestShaderModel;
             break;
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/d3d12/D3D12Info.h b/src/dawn/native/d3d12/D3D12Info.h
index af0b6331c9..8c0a0476ab 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/d3d12/D3D12Info.h
+++ b/src/dawn/native/d3d12/D3D12Info.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 namespace dawn::native::d3d12 {
 
-class Adapter;
+class PhysicalDevice;
 
 struct D3D12DeviceInfo {
     bool isUMA;
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ struct D3D12DeviceInfo {
     uint32_t programmableSamplePositionsTier;
 };
 
-ResultOrError<D3D12DeviceInfo> GatherDeviceInfo(const Adapter& adapter);
+ResultOrError<D3D12DeviceInfo> GatherDeviceInfo(const PhysicalDevice& physicalDevice);
 }  // namespace dawn::native::d3d12
 
 #endif  // SRC_DAWN_NATIVE_D3D12_D3D12INFO_H_
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/d3d12/DeviceD3D12.cpp b/src/dawn/native/d3d12/DeviceD3D12.cpp
index 309dd879aa..a799379cd2 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/d3d12/DeviceD3D12.cpp
+++ b/src/dawn/native/d3d12/DeviceD3D12.cpp
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@
 #include "dawn/native/DynamicUploader.h"
 #include "dawn/native/Instance.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d/D3DError.h"
-#include "dawn/native/d3d12/AdapterD3D12.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d12/BackendD3D12.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d12/BindGroupD3D12.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d12/BindGroupLayoutD3D12.h"
@@ -32,6 +31,7 @@
 #include "dawn/native/d3d12/CommandBufferD3D12.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d12/ComputePipelineD3D12.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d12/ExternalImageDXGIImplD3D12.h"
+#include "dawn/native/d3d12/PhysicalDeviceD3D12.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d12/PipelineLayoutD3D12.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d12/PlatformFunctionsD3D12.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d12/QuerySetD3D12.h"
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ static constexpr uint64_t kZeroBufferSize = 1024 * 1024 * 4;  // 4 Mb
 static constexpr uint64_t kMaxDebugMessagesToPrint = 5;
 
 // static
-ResultOrError<Ref<Device>> Device::Create(Adapter* adapter,
+ResultOrError<Ref<Device>> Device::Create(AdapterBase* adapter,
                                           const DeviceDescriptor* descriptor,
                                           const TogglesState& deviceToggles) {
     Ref<Device> device = AcquireRef(new Device(adapter, descriptor, deviceToggles));
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ ResultOrError<Ref<Device>> Device::Create(Adapter* adapter,
 }
 
 MaybeError Device::Initialize(const DeviceDescriptor* descriptor) {
-    mD3d12Device = ToBackend(GetAdapter())->GetDevice();
+    mD3d12Device = ToBackend(GetPhysicalDevice())->GetDevice();
 
     ASSERT(mD3d12Device != nullptr);
 
@@ -233,17 +233,17 @@ ComPtr<ID3D12CommandSignature> Device::GetDrawIndexedIndirectSignature() const {
 // Ensure DXC if use_dxc toggles are set and validated.
 MaybeError Device::EnsureDXCIfRequired() {
     if (IsToggleEnabled(Toggle::UseDXC)) {
-        ASSERT(ToBackend(GetAdapter())->GetBackend()->IsDXCAvailable());
-        DAWN_TRY(ToBackend(GetAdapter())->GetBackend()->EnsureDxcCompiler());
-        DAWN_TRY(ToBackend(GetAdapter())->GetBackend()->EnsureDxcLibrary());
-        DAWN_TRY(ToBackend(GetAdapter())->GetBackend()->EnsureDxcValidator());
+        ASSERT(ToBackend(GetPhysicalDevice())->GetBackend()->IsDXCAvailable());
+        DAWN_TRY(ToBackend(GetPhysicalDevice())->GetBackend()->EnsureDxcCompiler());
+        DAWN_TRY(ToBackend(GetPhysicalDevice())->GetBackend()->EnsureDxcLibrary());
+        DAWN_TRY(ToBackend(GetPhysicalDevice())->GetBackend()->EnsureDxcValidator());
     }
 
     return {};
 }
 
 const PlatformFunctions* Device::GetFunctions() const {
-    return ToBackend(GetAdapter())->GetBackend()->GetFunctions();
+    return ToBackend(GetPhysicalDevice())->GetBackend()->GetFunctions();
 }
 
 CommandAllocatorManager* Device::GetCommandAllocatorManager() const {
@@ -608,7 +608,7 @@ Ref<TextureBase> Device::CreateD3D12ExternalTexture(const TextureDescriptor* des
 }
 
 const D3D12DeviceInfo& Device::GetDeviceInfo() const {
-    return ToBackend(GetAdapter())->GetDeviceInfo();
+    return ToBackend(GetPhysicalDevice())->GetDeviceInfo();
 }
 
 MaybeError Device::WaitForIdleForDestruction() {
@@ -662,7 +662,7 @@ void AppendDebugLayerMessagesToError(ID3D12InfoQueue* infoQueue,
 }
 
 MaybeError Device::CheckDebugLayerAndGenerateErrors() {
-    if (!GetAdapter()->GetInstance()->IsBackendValidationEnabled()) {
+    if (!GetPhysicalDevice()->GetInstance()->IsBackendValidationEnabled()) {
         return {};
     }
 
@@ -686,7 +686,7 @@ MaybeError Device::CheckDebugLayerAndGenerateErrors() {
 }
 
 void Device::AppendDebugLayerMessages(ErrorData* error) {
-    if (!GetAdapter()->GetInstance()->IsBackendValidationEnabled()) {
+    if (!GetPhysicalDevice()->GetInstance()->IsBackendValidationEnabled()) {
         return;
     }
 
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/d3d12/DeviceD3D12.h b/src/dawn/native/d3d12/DeviceD3D12.h
index aa0c4e9852..a0281553d0 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/d3d12/DeviceD3D12.h
+++ b/src/dawn/native/d3d12/DeviceD3D12.h
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ class StagingDescriptorAllocator;
 // Definition of backend types
 class Device final : public d3d::Device {
   public:
-    static ResultOrError<Ref<Device>> Create(Adapter* adapter,
+    static ResultOrError<Ref<Device>> Create(AdapterBase* adapter,
                                              const DeviceDescriptor* descriptor,
                                              const TogglesState& deviceToggles);
     ~Device() override;
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/d3d12/Forward.h b/src/dawn/native/d3d12/Forward.h
index a1bece44c4..f091825e78 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/d3d12/Forward.h
+++ b/src/dawn/native/d3d12/Forward.h
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 
 namespace dawn::native::d3d12 {
 
-class Adapter;
 class BindGroup;
 class BindGroupLayout;
 class Buffer;
@@ -27,6 +26,7 @@ class CommandBuffer;
 class ComputePipeline;
 class Device;
 class Heap;
+class PhysicalDevice;
 class PipelineCache;
 class PipelineLayout;
 class QuerySet;
@@ -39,13 +39,13 @@ class Texture;
 class TextureView;
 
 struct D3D12BackendTraits {
-    using AdapterType = Adapter;
     using BindGroupType = BindGroup;
     using BindGroupLayoutType = BindGroupLayout;
     using BufferType = Buffer;
     using CommandBufferType = CommandBuffer;
     using ComputePipelineType = ComputePipeline;
     using DeviceType = Device;
+    using PhysicalDeviceType = PhysicalDevice;
     using PipelineCacheType = PipelineCache;
     using PipelineLayoutType = PipelineLayout;
     using QuerySetType = QuerySet;
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/d3d12/AdapterD3D12.cpp b/src/dawn/native/d3d12/PhysicalDeviceD3D12.cpp
similarity index 95%
rename from src/dawn/native/d3d12/AdapterD3D12.cpp
rename to src/dawn/native/d3d12/PhysicalDeviceD3D12.cpp
index 337b8c8acb..3aa00da2aa 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/d3d12/AdapterD3D12.cpp
+++ b/src/dawn/native/d3d12/PhysicalDeviceD3D12.cpp
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
 
-#include "dawn/native/d3d12/AdapterD3D12.h"
+#include "dawn/native/d3d12/PhysicalDeviceD3D12.h"
 
 #include <string>
 #include <utility>
@@ -29,33 +29,33 @@
 
 namespace dawn::native::d3d12 {
 
-Adapter::Adapter(Backend* backend,
-                 ComPtr<IDXGIAdapter3> hardwareAdapter,
-                 const TogglesState& adapterToggles)
+PhysicalDevice::PhysicalDevice(Backend* backend,
+                               ComPtr<IDXGIAdapter3> hardwareAdapter,
+                               const TogglesState& adapterToggles)
     : Base(backend, std::move(hardwareAdapter), wgpu::BackendType::D3D12, adapterToggles) {}
 
-Adapter::~Adapter() {
+PhysicalDevice::~PhysicalDevice() {
     CleanUpDebugLayerFilters();
 }
 
-bool Adapter::SupportsExternalImages() const {
+bool PhysicalDevice::SupportsExternalImages() const {
     // Via dawn::native::d3d12::ExternalImageDXGI::Create
     return true;
 }
 
-const D3D12DeviceInfo& Adapter::GetDeviceInfo() const {
+const D3D12DeviceInfo& PhysicalDevice::GetDeviceInfo() const {
     return mDeviceInfo;
 }
 
-Backend* Adapter::GetBackend() const {
+Backend* PhysicalDevice::GetBackend() const {
     return static_cast<Backend*>(Base::GetBackend());
 }
 
-ComPtr<ID3D12Device> Adapter::GetDevice() const {
+ComPtr<ID3D12Device> PhysicalDevice::GetDevice() const {
     return mD3d12Device;
 }
 
-MaybeError Adapter::InitializeImpl() {
+MaybeError PhysicalDevice::InitializeImpl() {
     DAWN_TRY(Base::InitializeImpl());
     // D3D12 cannot check for feature support without a device.
     // Create the device to populate the adapter properties then reuse it when needed for actual
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ MaybeError Adapter::InitializeImpl() {
     return {};
 }
 
-bool Adapter::AreTimestampQueriesSupported() const {
+bool PhysicalDevice::AreTimestampQueriesSupported() const {
     D3D12_COMMAND_QUEUE_DESC queueDesc = {};
     queueDesc.Flags = D3D12_COMMAND_QUEUE_FLAG_NONE;
     queueDesc.Type = D3D12_COMMAND_LIST_TYPE_DIRECT;
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ bool Adapter::AreTimestampQueriesSupported() const {
     return true;
 }
 
-void Adapter::InitializeSupportedFeaturesImpl() {
+void PhysicalDevice::InitializeSupportedFeaturesImpl() {
     EnableFeature(Feature::TextureCompressionBC);
     EnableFeature(Feature::MultiPlanarFormats);
     EnableFeature(Feature::Depth32FloatStencil8);
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ void Adapter::InitializeSupportedFeaturesImpl() {
     }
 }
 
-MaybeError Adapter::InitializeSupportedLimitsImpl(CombinedLimits* limits) {
+MaybeError PhysicalDevice::InitializeSupportedLimitsImpl(CombinedLimits* limits) {
     D3D12_FEATURE_DATA_D3D12_OPTIONS featureData = {};
 
     DAWN_TRY(CheckHRESULT(mD3d12Device->CheckFeatureSupport(D3D12_FEATURE_D3D12_OPTIONS,
@@ -320,8 +320,9 @@ MaybeError Adapter::InitializeSupportedLimitsImpl(CombinedLimits* limits) {
     return {};
 }
 
-MaybeError Adapter::ValidateFeatureSupportedWithTogglesImpl(wgpu::FeatureName feature,
-                                                            const TogglesState& toggles) const {
+MaybeError PhysicalDevice::ValidateFeatureSupportedWithTogglesImpl(
+    wgpu::FeatureName feature,
+    const TogglesState& toggles) const {
     // shader-f16 feature and chromium-experimental-dp4a feature require DXC 1.4 or higher for
     // D3D12. Note that DXC version is checked in InitializeSupportedFeaturesImpl.
     if (feature == wgpu::FeatureName::ShaderF16 ||
@@ -332,7 +333,7 @@ MaybeError Adapter::ValidateFeatureSupportedWithTogglesImpl(wgpu::FeatureName fe
     return {};
 }
 
-MaybeError Adapter::InitializeDebugLayerFilters() {
+MaybeError PhysicalDevice::InitializeDebugLayerFilters() {
     if (!GetInstance()->IsBackendValidationEnabled()) {
         return {};
     }
@@ -423,7 +424,7 @@ MaybeError Adapter::InitializeDebugLayerFilters() {
     return {};
 }
 
-void Adapter::CleanUpDebugLayerFilters() {
+void PhysicalDevice::CleanUpDebugLayerFilters() {
     if (!GetInstance()->IsBackendValidationEnabled()) {
         return;
     }
@@ -443,7 +444,7 @@ void Adapter::CleanUpDebugLayerFilters() {
     infoQueue->PopStorageFilter();
 }
 
-void Adapter::SetupBackendDeviceToggles(TogglesState* deviceToggles) const {
+void PhysicalDevice::SetupBackendDeviceToggles(TogglesState* deviceToggles) const {
     const bool useResourceHeapTier2 = (GetDeviceInfo().resourceHeapTier >= 2);
     deviceToggles->Default(Toggle::UseD3D12ResourceHeapTier2, useResourceHeapTier2);
     deviceToggles->Default(Toggle::UseD3D12RenderPass, GetDeviceInfo().supportsRenderPass);
@@ -578,8 +579,8 @@ void Adapter::SetupBackendDeviceToggles(TogglesState* deviceToggles) const {
     }
 }
 
-ResultOrError<Ref<DeviceBase>> Adapter::CreateDeviceImpl(const DeviceDescriptor* descriptor,
-                                                         const TogglesState& deviceToggles) {
+ResultOrError<Ref<DeviceBase>> PhysicalDevice::CreateDeviceImpl(const DeviceDescriptor* descriptor,
+                                                                const TogglesState& deviceToggles) {
     return Device::Create(this, descriptor, deviceToggles);
 }
 
@@ -587,7 +588,7 @@ ResultOrError<Ref<DeviceBase>> Adapter::CreateDeviceImpl(const DeviceDescriptor*
 // current ID3D12Device have not been destroyed, a non-zero value will be returned upon Reset()
 // and the subequent call to CreateDevice will return a handle the existing device instead of
 // creating a new one.
-MaybeError Adapter::ResetInternalDeviceForTestingImpl() {
+MaybeError PhysicalDevice::ResetInternalDeviceForTestingImpl() {
     [[maybe_unused]] auto refCount = mD3d12Device.Reset();
     ASSERT(refCount == 0);
     DAWN_TRY(Initialize());
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/d3d12/AdapterD3D12.h b/src/dawn/native/d3d12/PhysicalDeviceD3D12.h
similarity index 80%
rename from src/dawn/native/d3d12/AdapterD3D12.h
rename to src/dawn/native/d3d12/PhysicalDeviceD3D12.h
index cbdd03f9bb..8fdf76f33b 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/d3d12/AdapterD3D12.h
+++ b/src/dawn/native/d3d12/PhysicalDeviceD3D12.h
@@ -12,12 +12,12 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
 
-#ifndef SRC_DAWN_NATIVE_D3D12_ADAPTERD3D12_H_
-#define SRC_DAWN_NATIVE_D3D12_ADAPTERD3D12_H_
+#ifndef SRC_DAWN_NATIVE_D3D12_PHYSICALDEVICED3D12_H_
+#define SRC_DAWN_NATIVE_D3D12_PHYSICALDEVICED3D12_H_
 
 #include "dawn/native/PhysicalDevice.h"
 
-#include "dawn/native/d3d/AdapterD3D.h"
+#include "dawn/native/d3d/PhysicalDeviceD3D.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d12/D3D12Info.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d12/d3d12_platform.h"
 
@@ -25,12 +25,12 @@ namespace dawn::native::d3d12 {
 
 class Backend;
 
-class Adapter : public d3d::Adapter {
+class PhysicalDevice : public d3d::PhysicalDevice {
   public:
-    Adapter(Backend* backend,
-            ComPtr<IDXGIAdapter3> hardwareAdapter,
-            const TogglesState& adapterToggles);
-    ~Adapter() override;
+    PhysicalDevice(Backend* backend,
+                   ComPtr<IDXGIAdapter3> hardwareAdapter,
+                   const TogglesState& adapterToggles);
+    ~PhysicalDevice() override;
 
     // PhysicalDeviceBase Implementation
     bool SupportsExternalImages() const override;
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ class Adapter : public d3d::Adapter {
     ComPtr<ID3D12Device> GetDevice() const;
 
   private:
-    using Base = d3d::Adapter;
+    using Base = d3d::PhysicalDevice;
 
     void SetupBackendDeviceToggles(TogglesState* deviceToggles) const override;
 
@@ -68,4 +68,4 @@ class Adapter : public d3d::Adapter {
 
 }  // namespace dawn::native::d3d12
 
-#endif  // SRC_DAWN_NATIVE_D3D12_ADAPTERD3D12_H_
+#endif  // SRC_DAWN_NATIVE_D3D12_PHYSICALDEVICED3D12_H_
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/d3d12/ResidencyManagerD3D12.cpp b/src/dawn/native/d3d12/ResidencyManagerD3D12.cpp
index f6fb404076..97a062d2d9 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/d3d12/ResidencyManagerD3D12.cpp
+++ b/src/dawn/native/d3d12/ResidencyManagerD3D12.cpp
@@ -18,10 +18,10 @@
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "dawn/native/d3d/D3DError.h"
-#include "dawn/native/d3d12/AdapterD3D12.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d12/DeviceD3D12.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d12/Forward.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d12/HeapD3D12.h"
+#include "dawn/native/d3d12/PhysicalDeviceD3D12.h"
 
 namespace dawn::native::d3d12 {
 
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/d3d12/ShaderModuleD3D12.cpp b/src/dawn/native/d3d12/ShaderModuleD3D12.cpp
index 7df96ca63a..851d420d83 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/d3d12/ShaderModuleD3D12.cpp
+++ b/src/dawn/native/d3d12/ShaderModuleD3D12.cpp
@@ -24,10 +24,10 @@
 #include "dawn/native/TintUtils.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d/D3DCompilationRequest.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d/D3DError.h"
-#include "dawn/native/d3d12/AdapterD3D12.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d12/BackendD3D12.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d12/BindGroupLayoutD3D12.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d12/DeviceD3D12.h"
+#include "dawn/native/d3d12/PhysicalDeviceD3D12.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d12/PipelineLayoutD3D12.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d12/PlatformFunctionsD3D12.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d12/UtilsD3D12.h"
diff --git a/src/dawn/native/vulkan/Forward.h b/src/dawn/native/vulkan/Forward.h
index 41c2721f38..ca1e443e9a 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/vulkan/Forward.h
+++ b/src/dawn/native/vulkan/Forward.h
@@ -39,13 +39,13 @@ class Texture;
 class TextureView;
 
 struct VulkanBackendTraits {
-    using AdapterType = Adapter;
     using BindGroupType = BindGroup;
     using BindGroupLayoutType = BindGroupLayout;
     using BufferType = Buffer;
     using CommandBufferType = CommandBuffer;
     using ComputePipelineType = ComputePipeline;
     using DeviceType = Device;
+    using PhysicalDeviceType = Adapter;
     using PipelineCacheType = PipelineCache;
     using PipelineLayoutType = PipelineLayout;
     using QuerySetType = QuerySet;