diff --git a/fuzzers/tint_common_fuzzer.cc b/fuzzers/tint_common_fuzzer.cc
index fb5408a2cf..93b84fa7f6 100644
--- a/fuzzers/tint_common_fuzzer.cc
+++ b/fuzzers/tint_common_fuzzer.cc
@@ -85,15 +85,6 @@ int CommonFuzzer::Run(const uint8_t* data, size_t size) {
     return 0;
   }
 
-  {
-    ProgramBuilder builder = program.CloneAsBuilder();
-    TypeDeterminer td(&builder);
-    if (!td.Determine()) {
-      return 0;
-    }
-    program = Program(std::move(builder));
-  }
-
   Validator v;
   if (!v.Validate(&program)) {
     return 0;
diff --git a/samples/main.cc b/samples/main.cc
index c90fe95bcb..a0678caa29 100644
--- a/samples/main.cc
+++ b/samples/main.cc
@@ -498,13 +498,6 @@ int main(int argc, const char** argv) {
     return 1;
   }
 
-  auto diags = tint::TypeDeterminer::Run(program.get());
-  if (diags.contains_errors()) {
-    std::cerr << "Type Determination: ";
-    diag_formatter.format(diags, diag_printer.get());
-    return 1;
-  }
-
   if (options.dump_ast) {
     auto ast_str = program->to_str();
     if (options.demangle) {
diff --git a/src/inspector/inspector_test.cc b/src/inspector/inspector_test.cc
index cd5e026160..572b6c0cf0 100644
--- a/src/inspector/inspector_test.cc
+++ b/src/inspector/inspector_test.cc
@@ -70,8 +70,7 @@ namespace {
 class InspectorHelper : public ProgramBuilder {
  public:
   InspectorHelper()
-      : td_(std::make_unique<TypeDeterminer>(this)),
-        sampler_type_(type::SamplerKind::kSampler),
+      : sampler_type_(type::SamplerKind::kSampler),
         comparison_sampler_type_(type::SamplerKind::kComparisonSampler) {}
 
   /// Generates an empty function
@@ -623,8 +622,6 @@ class InspectorHelper : public ProgramBuilder {
     return *inspector_;
   }
 
-  TypeDeterminer* td() { return td_.get(); }
-
   type::Array* u32_array_type(uint32_t count) {
     if (array_type_memo_.find(count) == array_type_memo_.end()) {
       array_type_memo_[count] =
@@ -808,11 +805,10 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetEntryPointTest, MixFunctionsAndEntryPoints) {
 }
 
 TEST_F(InspectorGetEntryPointTest, DefaultWorkgroupSize) {
-  auto* foo = MakeCallerBodyFunction(
-      "foo", "func",
-      ast::FunctionDecorationList{
-          create<ast::StageDecoration>(ast::PipelineStage::kVertex),
-      });
+  auto* foo = MakeEmptyBodyFunction(
+      "foo", ast::FunctionDecorationList{
+                 create<ast::StageDecoration>(ast::PipelineStage::kVertex),
+             });
   AST().Functions().Add(foo);
 
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
@@ -880,8 +876,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetEntryPointTest, EntryPointInOutVariables) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(foo);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetEntryPoints();
@@ -913,8 +907,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetEntryPointTest, FunctionInOutVariables) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(foo);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetEntryPoints();
@@ -946,8 +938,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetEntryPointTest, RepeatedInOutVariables) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(foo);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetEntryPoints();
@@ -975,8 +965,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetEntryPointTest, EntryPointMultipleInOutVariables) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(foo);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetEntryPoints();
@@ -1014,8 +1002,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetEntryPointTest, FunctionMultipleInOutVariables) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(foo);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetEntryPoints();
@@ -1057,8 +1043,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetEntryPointTest, MultipleEntryPointsInOutVariables) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(bar);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   // TODO(dsinclair): Update to run the namer transform when
   // available.
 
@@ -1113,8 +1097,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetEntryPointTest, MultipleEntryPointsSharedInOutVariables) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(bar);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   // TODO(dsinclair): Update to run the namer transform when
   // available.
 
@@ -1175,8 +1157,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetEntryPointTest, BuiltInsNotStageVariables) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(foo);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   // TODO(dsinclair): Update to run the namer transform when available.
 
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
@@ -1395,8 +1375,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetUniformBufferResourceBindingsTest, NonEntryPointFunc) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(ep_func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetUniformBufferResourceBindings("ub_func");
@@ -1425,8 +1403,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetUniformBufferResourceBindingsTest, MissingBlockDeco) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(ep_func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetUniformBufferResourceBindings("ep_func");
@@ -1452,8 +1428,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetUniformBufferResourceBindingsTest, Simple) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(ep_func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetUniformBufferResourceBindings("ep_func");
@@ -1483,8 +1457,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetUniformBufferResourceBindingsTest, MultipleMembers) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(ep_func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetUniformBufferResourceBindings("ep_func");
@@ -1529,8 +1501,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetUniformBufferResourceBindingsTest, MultipleUniformBuffers) {
            });
   AST().Functions().Add(func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetUniformBufferResourceBindings("ep_func");
@@ -1568,8 +1538,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetUniformBufferResourceBindingsTest, ContainingArray) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(ep_func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetUniformBufferResourceBindings("ep_func");
@@ -1599,8 +1567,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetStorageBufferResourceBindingsTest, Simple) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(ep_func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetStorageBufferResourceBindings("ep_func");
@@ -1630,8 +1596,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetStorageBufferResourceBindingsTest, MultipleMembers) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(ep_func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetStorageBufferResourceBindings("ep_func");
@@ -1679,8 +1643,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetStorageBufferResourceBindingsTest, MultipleStorageBuffers) {
            });
   AST().Functions().Add(func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetStorageBufferResourceBindings("ep_func");
@@ -1718,8 +1680,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetStorageBufferResourceBindingsTest, ContainingArray) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(ep_func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetStorageBufferResourceBindings("ep_func");
@@ -1749,8 +1709,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetStorageBufferResourceBindingsTest, ContainingRuntimeArray) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(ep_func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetStorageBufferResourceBindings("ep_func");
@@ -1780,8 +1738,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetStorageBufferResourceBindingsTest, SkipReadOnly) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(ep_func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetStorageBufferResourceBindings("ep_func");
@@ -1807,8 +1763,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetReadOnlyStorageBufferResourceBindingsTest, Simple) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(ep_func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetReadOnlyStorageBufferResourceBindings("ep_func");
@@ -1857,8 +1811,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetReadOnlyStorageBufferResourceBindingsTest,
            });
   AST().Functions().Add(func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetReadOnlyStorageBufferResourceBindings("ep_func");
@@ -1896,8 +1848,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetReadOnlyStorageBufferResourceBindingsTest, ContainingArray) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(ep_func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetReadOnlyStorageBufferResourceBindings("ep_func");
@@ -1928,8 +1878,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetReadOnlyStorageBufferResourceBindingsTest,
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(ep_func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetReadOnlyStorageBufferResourceBindings("ep_func");
@@ -1959,8 +1907,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetReadOnlyStorageBufferResourceBindingsTest, SkipNonReadOnly) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(ep_func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetReadOnlyStorageBufferResourceBindings("ep_func");
@@ -1982,8 +1928,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetSamplerResourceBindingsTest, Simple) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetSamplerResourceBindings("ep");
@@ -2001,8 +1945,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetSamplerResourceBindingsTest, NoSampler) {
                  });
   AST().Functions().Add(func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetSamplerResourceBindings("ep_func");
@@ -2029,8 +1971,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetSamplerResourceBindingsTest, InFunction) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(ep_func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetSamplerResourceBindings("ep_func");
@@ -2055,8 +1995,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetSamplerResourceBindingsTest, UnknownEntryPoint) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetSamplerResourceBindings("foo");
@@ -2077,8 +2015,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetSamplerResourceBindingsTest, SkipsComparisonSamplers) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetSamplerResourceBindings("ep");
@@ -2101,8 +2037,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetComparisonSamplerResourceBindingsTest, Simple) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetComparisonSamplerResourceBindings("ep");
@@ -2120,8 +2054,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetComparisonSamplerResourceBindingsTest, NoSampler) {
                  });
   AST().Functions().Add(func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetComparisonSamplerResourceBindings("ep_func");
@@ -2149,8 +2081,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetComparisonSamplerResourceBindingsTest, InFunction) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(ep_func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetComparisonSamplerResourceBindings("ep_func");
@@ -2175,8 +2105,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetComparisonSamplerResourceBindingsTest, UnknownEntryPoint) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetSamplerResourceBindings("foo");
@@ -2197,8 +2125,6 @@ TEST_F(InspectorGetComparisonSamplerResourceBindingsTest, SkipsSamplers) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetComparisonSamplerResourceBindings("ep");
@@ -2239,8 +2165,6 @@ TEST_P(InspectorGetSampledTextureResourceBindingsTestWithParam, textureSample) {
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetSampledTextureResourceBindings("ep");
@@ -2332,8 +2256,6 @@ TEST_P(InspectorGetSampledArrayTextureResourceBindingsTestWithParam,
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetSampledTextureResourceBindings("ep");
@@ -2405,8 +2327,6 @@ TEST_P(InspectorGetMultisampledTextureResourceBindingsTestWithParam,
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetMultisampledTextureResourceBindings("ep");
@@ -2489,8 +2409,6 @@ TEST_P(InspectorGetMultisampledArrayTextureResourceBindingsTestWithParam,
       });
   AST().Functions().Add(func);
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
-
   Inspector& inspector = Build();
 
   auto result = inspector.GetMultisampledTextureResourceBindings("ep");
diff --git a/src/program.cc b/src/program.cc
index d8393a7624..6b25bdfdb7 100644
--- a/src/program.cc
+++ b/src/program.cc
@@ -38,7 +38,15 @@ Program::Program(Program&& program)
 }
 
 Program::Program(ProgramBuilder&& builder) {
-  is_valid_ = builder.IsValid();  // must be called before the std::move()s
+  is_valid_ = builder.IsValid();
+  if (builder.ResolveOnBuild() && builder.IsValid()) {
+    TypeDeterminer td(&builder);
+    if (!td.Determine()) {
+      diagnostics_.add_error(td.error());
+    }
+  }
+
+  // The above must be called *before* the calls to std::move() below
 
   types_ = std::move(builder.Types());
   nodes_ = std::move(builder.Nodes());
diff --git a/src/program_builder.h b/src/program_builder.h
index 9d712364c1..dfac2c9e7f 100644
--- a/src/program_builder.h
+++ b/src/program_builder.h
@@ -125,6 +125,15 @@ class ProgramBuilder {
     return diagnostics_;
   }
 
+  /// Controls whether the TypeDeterminer will be run on the program when it is
+  /// built.
+  /// @param enable the new flag value (defaults to true)
+  void SetResolveOnBuild(bool enable) { resolve_on_build_ = enable; }
+
+  /// @return true if the TypeDeterminer will be run on the program when it is
+  /// built.
+  bool ResolveOnBuild() const { return resolve_on_build_; }
+
   /// @returns true if the program has no error diagnostics and is not missing
   /// information
   bool IsValid() const;
@@ -851,6 +860,10 @@ class ProgramBuilder {
   /// the first argument.
   Source source_;
 
+  /// Set by SetResolveOnBuild(). If set, the TypeDeterminer will be run on the
+  /// program when built.
+  bool resolve_on_build_ = true;
+
   /// Set by MarkAsMoved(). Once set, no methods may be called on this builder.
   bool moved_ = false;
 };
diff --git a/src/reader/spirv/parser_impl_test_helper.h b/src/reader/spirv/parser_impl_test_helper.h
index 0b51e9e091..3a3acad484 100644
--- a/src/reader/spirv/parser_impl_test_helper.h
+++ b/src/reader/spirv/parser_impl_test_helper.h
@@ -40,7 +40,11 @@ class SpvParserTestBase : public T {
   /// @param input the SPIR-V binary to parse
   /// @returns a parser for the given binary
   std::unique_ptr<ParserImpl> parser(const std::vector<uint32_t>& input) {
-    return std::make_unique<ParserImpl>(input);
+    auto parser = std::make_unique<ParserImpl>(input);
+    // Don't run the TypeDeterminer when building the program.
+    // We're not interested in type information with these tests.
+    parser->builder().SetResolveOnBuild(false);
+    return parser;
   }
 
   /// Gets the internal representation of the function with the given ID.
diff --git a/src/transform/first_index_offset.cc b/src/transform/first_index_offset.cc
index 95d652e864..64b25dce5d 100644
--- a/src/transform/first_index_offset.cc
+++ b/src/transform/first_index_offset.cc
@@ -96,22 +96,6 @@ Transform::Output FirstIndexOffset::Run(const Program* in) {
     }
   }
 
-  // Running TypeDeterminer as we require local_referenced_builtin_variables()
-  // to be populated. TODO(bclayton) - it should not be necessary to re-run the
-  // type determiner if semantic information is already generated. Remove.
-  Program program;
-  {
-    ProgramBuilder builder = in->CloneAsBuilder();
-    TypeDeterminer td(&builder);
-    if (!td.Determine()) {
-      Output out;
-      out.diagnostics.add_error(td.error());
-      return out;
-    }
-    program = Program(std::move(builder));
-    in = &program;
-  }
-
   Symbol vertex_index_sym;
   Symbol instance_index_sym;
 
diff --git a/src/transform/manager.cc b/src/transform/manager.cc
index 22e865fe96..31fe9ac290 100644
--- a/src/transform/manager.cc
+++ b/src/transform/manager.cc
@@ -36,11 +36,9 @@ Transform::Output Manager::Run(const Program* program) {
       program = &out.program;
     }
   } else {
-    out.program = Program(program->Clone());
+    out.program = program->Clone();
   }
 
-  out.diagnostics.add(TypeDeterminer::Run(&out.program));
-
   return out;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/transform/test_helper.h b/src/transform/test_helper.h
index a1417915f3..78c84aca20 100644
--- a/src/transform/test_helper.h
+++ b/src/transform/test_helper.h
@@ -56,14 +56,6 @@ class TransformTest : public testing::Test {
       return diag::Formatter(style).format(program.Diagnostics());
     }
 
-    {
-      auto diagnostics = TypeDeterminer::Run(&program);
-      if (diagnostics.contains_errors()) {
-        return "Type determination failed:\n" +
-               diag::Formatter(style).format(diagnostics);
-      }
-    }
-
     {
       Manager manager;
       for (auto& transform : transforms) {