diff --git a/BUILD.gn b/BUILD.gn
index 0d06dafd42..09635389b1 100644
--- a/BUILD.gn
+++ b/BUILD.gn
@@ -260,6 +260,8 @@ source_set("libdawn_native_sources") {
       "src/dawn_native/d3d12/CommittedResourceAllocatorD3D12.h",
       "src/dawn_native/d3d12/ComputePipelineD3D12.cpp",
       "src/dawn_native/d3d12/ComputePipelineD3D12.h",
+      "src/dawn_native/d3d12/D3D12Error.cpp",
+      "src/dawn_native/d3d12/D3D12Error.h",
       "src/dawn_native/d3d12/D3D12Info.cpp",
       "src/dawn_native/d3d12/D3D12Info.h",
       "src/dawn_native/d3d12/DescriptorHeapAllocator.cpp",
diff --git a/src/dawn_native/d3d12/BufferD3D12.cpp b/src/dawn_native/d3d12/BufferD3D12.cpp
index f2299f83f2..a0a208305f 100644
--- a/src/dawn_native/d3d12/BufferD3D12.cpp
+++ b/src/dawn_native/d3d12/BufferD3D12.cpp
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include "common/Constants.h"
 #include "common/Math.h"
 #include "dawn_native/d3d12/CommandRecordingContext.h"
+#include "dawn_native/d3d12/D3D12Error.h"
 #include "dawn_native/d3d12/DeviceD3D12.h"
 
 namespace dawn_native { namespace d3d12 {
@@ -217,8 +218,9 @@ namespace dawn_native { namespace d3d12 {
 
     MaybeError Buffer::MapAtCreationImpl(uint8_t** mappedPointer) {
         mWrittenMappedRange = {0, GetSize()};
-        ASSERT_SUCCESS(GetD3D12Resource()->Map(0, &mWrittenMappedRange,
-                                               reinterpret_cast<void**>(mappedPointer)));
+        DAWN_TRY(CheckHRESULT(GetD3D12Resource()->Map(0, &mWrittenMappedRange,
+                                                      reinterpret_cast<void**>(mappedPointer)),
+                              "D3D12 map at creation"));
         return {};
     }
 
@@ -226,7 +228,9 @@ namespace dawn_native { namespace d3d12 {
         mWrittenMappedRange = {};
         D3D12_RANGE readRange = {0, GetSize()};
         char* data = nullptr;
-        ASSERT_SUCCESS(GetD3D12Resource()->Map(0, &readRange, reinterpret_cast<void**>(&data)));
+        DAWN_TRY(
+            CheckHRESULT(GetD3D12Resource()->Map(0, &readRange, reinterpret_cast<void**>(&data)),
+                         "D3D12 map read async"));
         // There is no need to transition the resource to a new state: D3D12 seems to make the GPU
         // writes available when the fence is passed.
         MapRequestTracker* tracker = ToBackend(GetDevice())->GetMapRequestTracker();
@@ -237,8 +241,9 @@ namespace dawn_native { namespace d3d12 {
     MaybeError Buffer::MapWriteAsyncImpl(uint32_t serial) {
         mWrittenMappedRange = {0, GetSize()};
         char* data = nullptr;
-        ASSERT_SUCCESS(
-            GetD3D12Resource()->Map(0, &mWrittenMappedRange, reinterpret_cast<void**>(&data)));
+        DAWN_TRY(CheckHRESULT(
+            GetD3D12Resource()->Map(0, &mWrittenMappedRange, reinterpret_cast<void**>(&data)),
+            "D3D12 map write async"));
         // There is no need to transition the resource to a new state: D3D12 seems to make the CPU
         // writes available on queue submission.
         MapRequestTracker* tracker = ToBackend(GetDevice())->GetMapRequestTracker();
diff --git a/src/dawn_native/d3d12/CommandAllocatorManager.cpp b/src/dawn_native/d3d12/CommandAllocatorManager.cpp
index 90f7a5a895..8c6029e5c3 100644
--- a/src/dawn_native/d3d12/CommandAllocatorManager.cpp
+++ b/src/dawn_native/d3d12/CommandAllocatorManager.cpp
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 
 #include "dawn_native/d3d12/CommandAllocatorManager.h"
 
+#include "dawn_native/d3d12/D3D12Error.h"
 #include "dawn_native/d3d12/DeviceD3D12.h"
 
 #include "common/Assert.h"
@@ -26,12 +27,12 @@ namespace dawn_native { namespace d3d12 {
         mFreeAllocators.set();
     }
 
-    ComPtr<ID3D12CommandAllocator> CommandAllocatorManager::ReserveCommandAllocator() {
+    ResultOrError<ID3D12CommandAllocator*> CommandAllocatorManager::ReserveCommandAllocator() {
         // If there are no free allocators, get the oldest serial in flight and wait on it
         if (mFreeAllocators.none()) {
             const uint64_t firstSerial = mInFlightCommandAllocators.FirstSerial();
-            device->WaitForSerial(firstSerial);
-            Tick(firstSerial);
+            DAWN_TRY(device->WaitForSerial(firstSerial));
+            DAWN_TRY(Tick(firstSerial));
         }
 
         ASSERT(mFreeAllocators.any());
@@ -42,8 +43,10 @@ namespace dawn_native { namespace d3d12 {
         if (firstFreeIndex >= mAllocatorCount) {
             ASSERT(firstFreeIndex == mAllocatorCount);
             mAllocatorCount++;
-            ASSERT_SUCCESS(device->GetD3D12Device()->CreateCommandAllocator(
-                D3D12_COMMAND_LIST_TYPE_DIRECT, IID_PPV_ARGS(&mCommandAllocators[firstFreeIndex])));
+            DAWN_TRY(CheckHRESULT(device->GetD3D12Device()->CreateCommandAllocator(
+                                      D3D12_COMMAND_LIST_TYPE_DIRECT,
+                                      IID_PPV_ARGS(&mCommandAllocators[firstFreeIndex])),
+                                  "D3D12 create command allocator"));
         }
 
         // Mark the command allocator as used
@@ -53,17 +56,17 @@ namespace dawn_native { namespace d3d12 {
         // ExecuteCommandLists
         mInFlightCommandAllocators.Enqueue({mCommandAllocators[firstFreeIndex], firstFreeIndex},
                                            device->GetPendingCommandSerial());
-
-        return mCommandAllocators[firstFreeIndex];
+        return mCommandAllocators[firstFreeIndex].Get();
     }
 
-    void CommandAllocatorManager::Tick(uint64_t lastCompletedSerial) {
+    MaybeError CommandAllocatorManager::Tick(uint64_t lastCompletedSerial) {
         // Reset all command allocators that are no longer in flight
         for (auto it : mInFlightCommandAllocators.IterateUpTo(lastCompletedSerial)) {
-            ASSERT_SUCCESS(it.commandAllocator->Reset());
+            DAWN_TRY(CheckHRESULT(it.commandAllocator->Reset(), "D3D12 reset command allocator"));
             mFreeAllocators.set(it.index);
         }
         mInFlightCommandAllocators.ClearUpTo(lastCompletedSerial);
+        return {};
     }
 
 }}  // namespace dawn_native::d3d12
diff --git a/src/dawn_native/d3d12/CommandAllocatorManager.h b/src/dawn_native/d3d12/CommandAllocatorManager.h
index fd7c8ce27d..654d3be467 100644
--- a/src/dawn_native/d3d12/CommandAllocatorManager.h
+++ b/src/dawn_native/d3d12/CommandAllocatorManager.h
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include "dawn_native/d3d12/d3d12_platform.h"
 
 #include "common/SerialQueue.h"
+#include "dawn_native/Error.h"
 
 #include <bitset>
 
@@ -31,8 +32,8 @@ namespace dawn_native { namespace d3d12 {
 
         // A CommandAllocator that is reserved must be used on the next ExecuteCommandLists
         // otherwise its commands may be reset before execution has completed on the GPU
-        ComPtr<ID3D12CommandAllocator> ReserveCommandAllocator();
-        void Tick(uint64_t lastCompletedSerial);
+        ResultOrError<ID3D12CommandAllocator*> ReserveCommandAllocator();
+        MaybeError Tick(uint64_t lastCompletedSerial);
 
       private:
         Device* device;
diff --git a/src/dawn_native/d3d12/CommandRecordingContext.cpp b/src/dawn_native/d3d12/CommandRecordingContext.cpp
index eb4ec7bab9..4d927b8322 100644
--- a/src/dawn_native/d3d12/CommandRecordingContext.cpp
+++ b/src/dawn_native/d3d12/CommandRecordingContext.cpp
@@ -13,28 +13,28 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 #include "dawn_native/d3d12/CommandRecordingContext.h"
 #include "dawn_native/d3d12/CommandAllocatorManager.h"
+#include "dawn_native/d3d12/D3D12Error.h"
 
 namespace dawn_native { namespace d3d12 {
 
     MaybeError CommandRecordingContext::Open(ID3D12Device* d3d12Device,
                                              CommandAllocatorManager* commandAllocationManager) {
         ASSERT(!IsOpen());
+        ID3D12CommandAllocator* commandAllocator;
+        DAWN_TRY_ASSIGN(commandAllocator, commandAllocationManager->ReserveCommandAllocator());
         if (mD3d12CommandList != nullptr) {
-            const HRESULT hr = mD3d12CommandList->Reset(
-                commandAllocationManager->ReserveCommandAllocator().Get(), nullptr);
-            if (FAILED(hr)) {
+            MaybeError error = CheckHRESULT(mD3d12CommandList->Reset(commandAllocator, nullptr),
+                                            "D3D12 resetting command list");
+            if (error.IsError()) {
                 mD3d12CommandList.Reset();
-                return DAWN_DEVICE_LOST_ERROR("Error resetting command list.");
+                DAWN_TRY(std::move(error));
             }
         } else {
             ComPtr<ID3D12GraphicsCommandList> d3d12GraphicsCommandList;
-            const HRESULT hr = d3d12Device->CreateCommandList(
-                0, D3D12_COMMAND_LIST_TYPE_DIRECT,
-                commandAllocationManager->ReserveCommandAllocator().Get(), nullptr,
-                IID_PPV_ARGS(&d3d12GraphicsCommandList));
-            if (FAILED(hr)) {
-                return DAWN_DEVICE_LOST_ERROR("Error creating a direct command list.");
-            }
+            DAWN_TRY(CheckHRESULT(
+                d3d12Device->CreateCommandList(0, D3D12_COMMAND_LIST_TYPE_DIRECT, commandAllocator,
+                                               nullptr, IID_PPV_ARGS(&d3d12GraphicsCommandList)),
+                "D3D12 creating direct command list"));
             mD3d12CommandList = std::move(d3d12GraphicsCommandList);
         }
 
@@ -46,10 +46,11 @@ namespace dawn_native { namespace d3d12 {
     ResultOrError<ID3D12GraphicsCommandList*> CommandRecordingContext::Close() {
         ASSERT(IsOpen());
         mIsOpen = false;
-        const HRESULT hr = mD3d12CommandList->Close();
-        if (FAILED(hr)) {
+        MaybeError error =
+            CheckHRESULT(mD3d12CommandList->Close(), "D3D12 closing pending command list");
+        if (error.IsError()) {
             mD3d12CommandList.Reset();
-            return DAWN_DEVICE_LOST_ERROR("Error closing pending command list.");
+            DAWN_TRY(std::move(error));
         }
         return mD3d12CommandList.Get();
     }
diff --git a/src/dawn_native/d3d12/D3D12Error.cpp b/src/dawn_native/d3d12/D3D12Error.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..38bde463f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/dawn_native/d3d12/D3D12Error.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Dawn Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include "dawn_native/d3d12/D3D12Error.h"
+
+#include <string>
+
+namespace dawn_native { namespace d3d12 {
+    MaybeError CheckHRESULT(HRESULT result, const char* context) {
+        if (DAWN_LIKELY(SUCCEEDED(result))) {
+            return {};
+        }
+
+        std::string message = std::string(context) + " failed with " + std::to_string(result);
+        return DAWN_DEVICE_LOST_ERROR(message);
+    }
+
+}}  // namespace dawn_native::d3d12
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/dawn_native/d3d12/D3D12Error.h b/src/dawn_native/d3d12/D3D12Error.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b5f5eb7380
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/dawn_native/d3d12/D3D12Error.h
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Dawn Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#ifndef DAWNNATIVE_D3D12_D3D12ERROR_H_
+#define DAWNNATIVE_D3D12_D3D12ERROR_H_
+
+#include <d3d12.h>
+#include "dawn_native/Error.h"
+
+namespace dawn_native { namespace d3d12 {
+
+    // Returns a success only if result of HResult is success
+    MaybeError CheckHRESULT(HRESULT result, const char* context);
+
+}}  // namespace dawn_native::d3d12
+
+#endif  // DAWNNATIVE_D3D12_D3D12ERROR_H_
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/dawn_native/d3d12/DeviceD3D12.cpp b/src/dawn_native/d3d12/DeviceD3D12.cpp
index 914100ffc6..f1b2e3120f 100644
--- a/src/dawn_native/d3d12/DeviceD3D12.cpp
+++ b/src/dawn_native/d3d12/DeviceD3D12.cpp
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include "dawn_native/d3d12/CommandAllocatorManager.h"
 #include "dawn_native/d3d12/CommandBufferD3D12.h"
 #include "dawn_native/d3d12/ComputePipelineD3D12.h"
+#include "dawn_native/d3d12/D3D12Error.h"
 #include "dawn_native/d3d12/DescriptorHeapAllocator.h"
 #include "dawn_native/d3d12/PipelineLayoutD3D12.h"
 #include "dawn_native/d3d12/PlatformFunctions.h"
@@ -56,10 +57,14 @@ namespace dawn_native { namespace d3d12 {
         D3D12_COMMAND_QUEUE_DESC queueDesc = {};
         queueDesc.Flags = D3D12_COMMAND_QUEUE_FLAG_NONE;
         queueDesc.Type = D3D12_COMMAND_LIST_TYPE_DIRECT;
-        ASSERT_SUCCESS(mD3d12Device->CreateCommandQueue(&queueDesc, IID_PPV_ARGS(&mCommandQueue)));
+        DAWN_TRY(
+            CheckHRESULT(mD3d12Device->CreateCommandQueue(&queueDesc, IID_PPV_ARGS(&mCommandQueue)),
+                         "D3D12 create command queue"));
+
+        DAWN_TRY(CheckHRESULT(mD3d12Device->CreateFence(mLastSubmittedSerial, D3D12_FENCE_FLAG_NONE,
+                                                        IID_PPV_ARGS(&mFence)),
+                              "D3D12 create fence"));
 
-        ASSERT_SUCCESS(mD3d12Device->CreateFence(mLastSubmittedSerial, D3D12_FENCE_FLAG_NONE,
-                                                 IID_PPV_ARGS(&mFence)));
         mFenceEvent = CreateEvent(nullptr, FALSE, FALSE, nullptr);
         ASSERT(mFenceEvent != nullptr);
 
@@ -70,7 +75,7 @@ namespace dawn_native { namespace d3d12 {
         mResourceAllocator = std::make_unique<ResourceAllocator>(this);
         mResourceAllocatorManager = std::make_unique<ResourceAllocatorManager>(this);
 
-        NextSerial();
+        DAWN_TRY(NextSerial());
 
         // Initialize indirect commands
         D3D12_INDIRECT_ARGUMENT_DESC argumentDesc = {};
@@ -103,8 +108,9 @@ namespace dawn_native { namespace d3d12 {
         // Immediately forget about all pending commands
         mPendingCommands.Release();
 
-        NextSerial();
-        WaitForSerial(mLastSubmittedSerial);  // Wait for all in-flight commands to finish executing
+        ConsumedError(NextSerial());
+        // Wait for all in-flight commands to finish executing
+        ConsumedError(WaitForSerial(mLastSubmittedSerial));
 
         // Call tick one last time so resources are cleaned up. Ignore the return value so we can
         // continue shutting down in an orderly fashion.
@@ -207,27 +213,29 @@ namespace dawn_native { namespace d3d12 {
         mDynamicUploader->Deallocate(mCompletedSerial);
 
         mResourceAllocator->Tick(mCompletedSerial);
-        mCommandAllocatorManager->Tick(mCompletedSerial);
+        DAWN_TRY(mCommandAllocatorManager->Tick(mCompletedSerial));
         mDescriptorHeapAllocator->Deallocate(mCompletedSerial);
         mMapRequestTracker->Tick(mCompletedSerial);
         mUsedComObjectRefs.ClearUpTo(mCompletedSerial);
         DAWN_TRY(ExecuteCommandContext(nullptr));
-        NextSerial();
-
+        DAWN_TRY(NextSerial());
         return {};
     }
 
-    void Device::NextSerial() {
+    MaybeError Device::NextSerial() {
         mLastSubmittedSerial++;
-        ASSERT_SUCCESS(mCommandQueue->Signal(mFence.Get(), mLastSubmittedSerial));
+        return CheckHRESULT(mCommandQueue->Signal(mFence.Get(), mLastSubmittedSerial),
+                            "D3D12 command queue signal fence");
     }
 
-    void Device::WaitForSerial(uint64_t serial) {
+    MaybeError Device::WaitForSerial(uint64_t serial) {
         mCompletedSerial = mFence->GetCompletedValue();
         if (mCompletedSerial < serial) {
-            ASSERT_SUCCESS(mFence->SetEventOnCompletion(serial, mFenceEvent));
+            DAWN_TRY(CheckHRESULT(mFence->SetEventOnCompletion(serial, mFenceEvent),
+                                  "D3D12 set event on completion"));
             WaitForSingleObject(mFenceEvent, INFINITE);
         }
+        return {};
     }
 
     void Device::ReferenceUntilUnused(ComPtr<IUnknown> object) {
@@ -279,14 +287,14 @@ namespace dawn_native { namespace d3d12 {
     }
     ResultOrError<PipelineLayoutBase*> Device::CreatePipelineLayoutImpl(
         const PipelineLayoutDescriptor* descriptor) {
-        return new PipelineLayout(this, descriptor);
+        return PipelineLayout::Create(this, descriptor);
     }
     ResultOrError<QueueBase*> Device::CreateQueueImpl() {
         return new Queue(this);
     }
     ResultOrError<RenderPipelineBase*> Device::CreateRenderPipelineImpl(
         const RenderPipelineDescriptor* descriptor) {
-        return new RenderPipeline(this, descriptor);
+        return RenderPipeline::Create(this, descriptor);
     }
     ResultOrError<SamplerBase*> Device::CreateSamplerImpl(const SamplerDescriptor* descriptor) {
         return new Sampler(this, descriptor);
diff --git a/src/dawn_native/d3d12/DeviceD3D12.h b/src/dawn_native/d3d12/DeviceD3D12.h
index c499eeb298..0a00da293b 100644
--- a/src/dawn_native/d3d12/DeviceD3D12.h
+++ b/src/dawn_native/d3d12/DeviceD3D12.h
@@ -73,8 +73,8 @@ namespace dawn_native { namespace d3d12 {
         ResultOrError<CommandRecordingContext*> GetPendingCommandContext();
         Serial GetPendingCommandSerial() const override;
 
-        void NextSerial();
-        void WaitForSerial(Serial serial);
+        MaybeError NextSerial();
+        MaybeError WaitForSerial(Serial serial);
 
         void ReferenceUntilUnused(ComPtr<IUnknown> object);
 
diff --git a/src/dawn_native/d3d12/NativeSwapChainImplD3D12.cpp b/src/dawn_native/d3d12/NativeSwapChainImplD3D12.cpp
index 2ec24b59ab..1210bb8d60 100644
--- a/src/dawn_native/d3d12/NativeSwapChainImplD3D12.cpp
+++ b/src/dawn_native/d3d12/NativeSwapChainImplD3D12.cpp
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ namespace dawn_native { namespace d3d12 {
 
         // TODO(cwallez@chromium.org) Currently we force the CPU to wait for the GPU to be finished
         // with the buffer. Ideally the synchronization should be all done on the GPU.
-        mDevice->WaitForSerial(mBufferSerials[mCurrentBuffer]);
+        ASSERT(mDevice->WaitForSerial(mBufferSerials[mCurrentBuffer]).IsSuccess());
 
         return DAWN_SWAP_CHAIN_NO_ERROR;
     }
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ namespace dawn_native { namespace d3d12 {
 
         ASSERT_SUCCESS(mSwapChain->Present(1, 0));
         // TODO(cwallez@chromium.org): Make the serial ticking implicit.
-        mDevice->NextSerial();
+        ASSERT(mDevice->NextSerial().IsSuccess());
 
         mBufferSerials[mCurrentBuffer] = mDevice->GetPendingCommandSerial();
         return DAWN_SWAP_CHAIN_NO_ERROR;
diff --git a/src/dawn_native/d3d12/PipelineLayoutD3D12.cpp b/src/dawn_native/d3d12/PipelineLayoutD3D12.cpp
index 1b8a219e0f..6c38e68c5d 100644
--- a/src/dawn_native/d3d12/PipelineLayoutD3D12.cpp
+++ b/src/dawn_native/d3d12/PipelineLayoutD3D12.cpp
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #include "common/Assert.h"
 #include "common/BitSetIterator.h"
 #include "dawn_native/d3d12/BindGroupLayoutD3D12.h"
+#include "dawn_native/d3d12/D3D12Error.h"
 #include "dawn_native/d3d12/DeviceD3D12.h"
 #include "dawn_native/d3d12/PlatformFunctions.h"
 
@@ -54,8 +55,17 @@ namespace dawn_native { namespace d3d12 {
         }
     }  // anonymous namespace
 
-    PipelineLayout::PipelineLayout(Device* device, const PipelineLayoutDescriptor* descriptor)
-        : PipelineLayoutBase(device, descriptor) {
+    ResultOrError<PipelineLayout*> PipelineLayout::Create(
+        Device* device,
+        const PipelineLayoutDescriptor* descriptor) {
+        std::unique_ptr<PipelineLayout> layout =
+            std::make_unique<PipelineLayout>(device, descriptor);
+        DAWN_TRY(layout->Initialize());
+        return layout.release();
+    }
+
+    MaybeError PipelineLayout::Initialize() {
+        Device* device = ToBackend(GetDevice());
         D3D12_ROOT_PARAMETER rootParameters[kMaxBindGroups * 2 + kMaxDynamicBufferCount];
 
         // A root parameter is one of these types
@@ -148,11 +158,15 @@ namespace dawn_native { namespace d3d12 {
 
         ComPtr<ID3DBlob> signature;
         ComPtr<ID3DBlob> error;
-        ASSERT_SUCCESS(device->GetFunctions()->d3d12SerializeRootSignature(
-            &rootSignatureDescriptor, D3D_ROOT_SIGNATURE_VERSION_1, &signature, &error));
-        ASSERT_SUCCESS(device->GetD3D12Device()->CreateRootSignature(
-            0, signature->GetBufferPointer(), signature->GetBufferSize(),
-            IID_PPV_ARGS(&mRootSignature)));
+        DAWN_TRY(CheckHRESULT(
+            device->GetFunctions()->d3d12SerializeRootSignature(
+                &rootSignatureDescriptor, D3D_ROOT_SIGNATURE_VERSION_1, &signature, &error),
+            "D3D12 serialize root signature"));
+        DAWN_TRY(CheckHRESULT(device->GetD3D12Device()->CreateRootSignature(
+                                  0, signature->GetBufferPointer(), signature->GetBufferSize(),
+                                  IID_PPV_ARGS(&mRootSignature)),
+                              "D3D12 create root signature"));
+        return {};
     }
 
     uint32_t PipelineLayout::GetCbvUavSrvRootParameterIndex(uint32_t group) const {
diff --git a/src/dawn_native/d3d12/PipelineLayoutD3D12.h b/src/dawn_native/d3d12/PipelineLayoutD3D12.h
index b2ee9e6bbd..1d6c7e56b9 100644
--- a/src/dawn_native/d3d12/PipelineLayoutD3D12.h
+++ b/src/dawn_native/d3d12/PipelineLayoutD3D12.h
@@ -25,7 +25,8 @@ namespace dawn_native { namespace d3d12 {
 
     class PipelineLayout : public PipelineLayoutBase {
       public:
-        PipelineLayout(Device* device, const PipelineLayoutDescriptor* descriptor);
+        static ResultOrError<PipelineLayout*> Create(Device* device,
+                                                     const PipelineLayoutDescriptor* descriptor);
 
         uint32_t GetCbvUavSrvRootParameterIndex(uint32_t group) const;
         uint32_t GetSamplerRootParameterIndex(uint32_t group) const;
@@ -36,6 +37,8 @@ namespace dawn_native { namespace d3d12 {
         ComPtr<ID3D12RootSignature> GetRootSignature() const;
 
       private:
+        using PipelineLayoutBase::PipelineLayoutBase;
+        MaybeError Initialize();
         std::array<uint32_t, kMaxBindGroups> mCbvUavSrvRootParameterInfo;
         std::array<uint32_t, kMaxBindGroups> mSamplerRootParameterInfo;
         std::array<std::array<uint32_t, kMaxBindingsPerGroup>, kMaxBindGroups>
diff --git a/src/dawn_native/d3d12/QueueD3D12.cpp b/src/dawn_native/d3d12/QueueD3D12.cpp
index ccda50ccc1..8c50bd78b9 100644
--- a/src/dawn_native/d3d12/QueueD3D12.cpp
+++ b/src/dawn_native/d3d12/QueueD3D12.cpp
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 #include "dawn_native/d3d12/QueueD3D12.h"
 
 #include "dawn_native/d3d12/CommandBufferD3D12.h"
+#include "dawn_native/d3d12/D3D12Error.h"
 #include "dawn_native/d3d12/DeviceD3D12.h"
 
 namespace dawn_native { namespace d3d12 {
@@ -35,7 +36,7 @@ namespace dawn_native { namespace d3d12 {
 
         DAWN_TRY(device->ExecuteCommandContext(&mCommandContext));
 
-        device->NextSerial();
+        DAWN_TRY(device->NextSerial());
         return {};
     }
 
diff --git a/src/dawn_native/d3d12/RenderPipelineD3D12.cpp b/src/dawn_native/d3d12/RenderPipelineD3D12.cpp
index 92c286535a..82fd037d05 100644
--- a/src/dawn_native/d3d12/RenderPipelineD3D12.cpp
+++ b/src/dawn_native/d3d12/RenderPipelineD3D12.cpp
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 #include "dawn_native/d3d12/RenderPipelineD3D12.h"
 
 #include "common/Assert.h"
+#include "dawn_native/d3d12/D3D12Error.h"
 #include "dawn_native/d3d12/DeviceD3D12.h"
 #include "dawn_native/d3d12/PipelineLayoutD3D12.h"
 #include "dawn_native/d3d12/PlatformFunctions.h"
@@ -288,9 +289,17 @@ namespace dawn_native { namespace d3d12 {
 
     }  // anonymous namespace
 
-    RenderPipeline::RenderPipeline(Device* device, const RenderPipelineDescriptor* descriptor)
-        : RenderPipelineBase(device, descriptor),
-          mD3d12PrimitiveTopology(D3D12PrimitiveTopology(GetPrimitiveTopology())) {
+    ResultOrError<RenderPipeline*> RenderPipeline::Create(
+        Device* device,
+        const RenderPipelineDescriptor* descriptor) {
+        std::unique_ptr<RenderPipeline> pipeline =
+            std::make_unique<RenderPipeline>(device, descriptor);
+        DAWN_TRY(pipeline->Initialize(descriptor));
+        return pipeline.release();
+    }
+
+    MaybeError RenderPipeline::Initialize(const RenderPipelineDescriptor* descriptor) {
+        Device* device = ToBackend(GetDevice());
         uint32_t compileFlags = 0;
 #if defined(_DEBUG)
         // Enable better shader debugging with the graphics debugging tools.
@@ -391,8 +400,12 @@ namespace dawn_native { namespace d3d12 {
         descriptorD3D12.SampleDesc.Count = GetSampleCount();
         descriptorD3D12.SampleDesc.Quality = 0;
 
-        ASSERT_SUCCESS(device->GetD3D12Device()->CreateGraphicsPipelineState(
-            &descriptorD3D12, IID_PPV_ARGS(&mPipelineState)));
+        mD3d12PrimitiveTopology = D3D12PrimitiveTopology(GetPrimitiveTopology());
+
+        DAWN_TRY(CheckHRESULT(device->GetD3D12Device()->CreateGraphicsPipelineState(
+                                  &descriptorD3D12, IID_PPV_ARGS(&mPipelineState)),
+                              "D3D12 create graphics pipeline state"));
+        return {};
     }
 
     RenderPipeline::~RenderPipeline() {
diff --git a/src/dawn_native/d3d12/RenderPipelineD3D12.h b/src/dawn_native/d3d12/RenderPipelineD3D12.h
index b9c9029eef..affd5fe733 100644
--- a/src/dawn_native/d3d12/RenderPipelineD3D12.h
+++ b/src/dawn_native/d3d12/RenderPipelineD3D12.h
@@ -25,13 +25,16 @@ namespace dawn_native { namespace d3d12 {
 
     class RenderPipeline : public RenderPipelineBase {
       public:
-        RenderPipeline(Device* device, const RenderPipelineDescriptor* descriptor);
+        static ResultOrError<RenderPipeline*> Create(Device* device,
+                                                     const RenderPipelineDescriptor* descriptor);
         ~RenderPipeline();
 
         D3D12_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY GetD3D12PrimitiveTopology() const;
         ComPtr<ID3D12PipelineState> GetPipelineState();
 
       private:
+        using RenderPipelineBase::RenderPipelineBase;
+        MaybeError Initialize(const RenderPipelineDescriptor* descriptor);
         D3D12_INPUT_LAYOUT_DESC ComputeInputLayout(
             std::array<D3D12_INPUT_ELEMENT_DESC, kMaxVertexAttributes>* inputElementDescriptors);