/*
 * Copyright (c) 2009 Public Software Group e. V., Berlin, Germany
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
 * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
 * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
 * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
 * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
 * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
 * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
 * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 */


/** 
 * @mainpage
 *
 * utf8proc is a free/open-source (MIT/expat licensed) C library
 * providing Unicode normalization, case-folding, and other operations
 * for strings in the UTF-8 encoding, supporting Unicode version
 * 7.0.0.  See the utf8proc home page (http://julialang.org/utf8proc/)
 * for downloads and other information, or the source code on github
 * (https://github.com/JuliaLang/utf8proc).
 *
 * For the utf8proc API documentation, see: @ref utf8proc.h
 *
 * The features of utf8proc include:
 *
 * - Transformation of strings (@ref utf8proc_map) to:
 *    - decompose (@ref UTF8PROC_DECOMPOSE) or compose (@ref UTF8PROC_COMPOSE) Unicode combining characters (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combining_character)
 *    - canonicalize Unicode compatibility characters (@ref UTF8PROC_COMPAT)
 *    - strip "ignorable" (@ref UTF8PROC_IGNORE) characters, control characters (@ref UTF8PROC_STRIPCC), or combining characters such as accents (@ref UTF8PROC_STRIPMARK)
 *    - case-folding (@ref UTF8PROC_CASEFOLD)
 * - Unicode normalization: @ref utf8proc_NFD, @ref utf8proc_NFC, @ref utf8proc_NFKD, @ref utf8proc_NFKC
 * - Detecting grapheme boundaries (@ref utf8proc_grapheme_break and @ref UTF8PROC_CHARBOUND)
 * - Character-width computation: @ref utf8proc_charwidth
 * - Classification of characters by Unicode category: @ref utf8proc_category and @ref utf8proc_category_string
 * - Encode (@ref utf8proc_encode_char) and decode (@ref utf8proc_iterate) Unicode codepoints to/from UTF-8.
 */

/** @file */

#ifndef UTF8PROC_H
#define UTF8PROC_H

/** @name API version
 *  
 * The utf8proc API version MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH, following
 * semantic-versioning rules (http://semver.org) based on API
 * compatibility.
 *
 * This is also returned at runtime by @ref utf8proc_version; however, the
 * runtime version may append a string like "-dev" to the version number
 * for prerelease versions.
 *
 * @note The shared-library version number in the Makefile may be different,
 *       being based on ABI compatibility rather than API compatibility.
 */
/** @{ */
/** The MAJOR version number (increased when backwards API compatibility is broken). */
#define UTF8PROC_VERSION_MAJOR 1
/** The MINOR version number (increased when new functionality is added in a backwards-compatible manner). */
#define UTF8PROC_VERSION_MINOR 3
/** The PATCH version (increased for fixes that do not change the API). */
#define UTF8PROC_VERSION_PATCH 0
/** @} */

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#ifdef _MSC_VER
typedef signed char utf8proc_int8_t;
typedef unsigned char utf8proc_uint8_t;
typedef short utf8proc_int16_t;
typedef unsigned short utf8proc_uint16_t;
typedef int utf8proc_int32_t;
typedef unsigned int utf8proc_uint32_t;
#  ifdef _WIN64
typedef __int64 utf8proc_ssize_t;
typedef unsigned __int64 utf8proc_size_t;
#  else
typedef int utf8proc_ssize_t;
typedef unsigned int utf8proc_size_t;
#  endif
#  ifndef __cplusplus
typedef unsigned char utf8proc_bool;
enum {false, true};
#  else
typedef bool utf8proc_bool;
#  endif
#else
#  include <stdbool.h>
#  include <inttypes.h>
typedef int8_t utf8proc_int8_t;
typedef uint8_t utf8proc_uint8_t;
typedef int16_t utf8proc_int16_t;
typedef uint16_t utf8proc_uint16_t;
typedef int32_t utf8proc_int32_t;
typedef uint32_t utf8proc_uint32_t;
typedef size_t utf8proc_size_t;
typedef ssize_t utf8proc_ssize_t;
typedef bool utf8proc_bool;
#endif
#include <limits.h>

/** @name Error codes
 * Error codes being returned by almost all functions.
 */
/** @{ */
/** Memory could not be allocated. */
#define UTF8PROC_ERROR_NOMEM -1
/** The given string is too long to be processed. */
#define UTF8PROC_ERROR_OVERFLOW -2
/** The given string is not a legal UTF-8 string. */
#define UTF8PROC_ERROR_INVALIDUTF8 -3
/** The @ref UTF8PROC_REJECTNA flag was set and an unassigned codepoint was found. */
#define UTF8PROC_ERROR_NOTASSIGNED -4
/** Invalid options have been used. */
#define UTF8PROC_ERROR_INVALIDOPTS -5
/** @} */

#define UTF8PROC_cont(ch)  (((ch) & 0xc0) == 0x80)

/**
 * Reads a single codepoint from the UTF-8 sequence being pointed to by `str`.
 * The maximum number of bytes read is `strlen`, unless `strlen` is
 * negative (in which case up to 4 bytes are read).
 *
 * If a valid codepoint could be read, it is stored in the variable
 * pointed to by `codepoint_ref`, otherwise that variable will be set to -1.
 * In case of success, the number of bytes read is returned; otherwise, a
 * negative error code is returned.
 */
static inline utf8proc_ssize_t utf8proc_iterate(
  const utf8proc_uint8_t *str, utf8proc_ssize_t strlen, utf8proc_int32_t *dst
) {
  utf8proc_uint32_t uc;
  const utf8proc_uint8_t *end;

  *dst = -1;
  if (!strlen) return 0;
  end = str + ((strlen < 0) ? 4 : strlen);
  uc = *str++;
  if (uc < 0x80) {
    *dst = uc;
    return 1;
  }
  // Must be between 0xc2 and 0xf4 inclusive to be valid
  if ((uc - 0xc2) > (0xf4-0xc2)) return UTF8PROC_ERROR_INVALIDUTF8;
  if (uc < 0xe0) {         // 2-byte sequence
     // Must have valid continuation character
     if (!UTF8PROC_cont(*str)) return UTF8PROC_ERROR_INVALIDUTF8;
     *dst = ((uc & 0x1f)<<6) | (*str & 0x3f);
     return 2;
  }
  if (uc < 0xf0) {        // 3-byte sequence
     if ((str + 1 >= end) || !UTF8PROC_cont(*str) || !UTF8PROC_cont(str[1]))
        return UTF8PROC_ERROR_INVALIDUTF8;
     // Check for surrogate chars
     if (uc == 0xed && *str > 0x9f)
         return UTF8PROC_ERROR_INVALIDUTF8;
     uc = ((uc & 0xf)<<12) | ((*str & 0x3f)<<6) | (str[1] & 0x3f);
     if (uc < 0x800)
         return UTF8PROC_ERROR_INVALIDUTF8;
     *dst = uc;
     return 3;
  }
  // 4-byte sequence
  // Must have 3 valid continuation characters
  if ((str + 2 >= end) || !UTF8PROC_cont(*str) || !UTF8PROC_cont(str[1]) || !UTF8PROC_cont(str[2]))
     return UTF8PROC_ERROR_INVALIDUTF8;
  // Make sure in correct range (0x10000 - 0x10ffff)
  if (uc == 0xf0) {
    if (*str < 0x90) return UTF8PROC_ERROR_INVALIDUTF8;
  } else if (uc == 0xf4) {
    if (*str > 0x8f) return UTF8PROC_ERROR_INVALIDUTF8;
  }
  *dst = ((uc & 7)<<18) | ((*str & 0x3f)<<12) | ((str[1] & 0x3f)<<6) | (str[2] & 0x3f);
  return 4;
}

/**
 * Encodes the codepoint as an UTF-8 string in the byte array pointed
 * to by `dst`. This array must be at least 4 bytes long.
 *
 * In case of success the number of bytes written is returned, and
 * otherwise 0 is returned.
 *
 * This function does not check whether `codepoint` is valid Unicode.
 */
static inline utf8proc_ssize_t utf8proc_encode_char(utf8proc_int32_t uc, utf8proc_uint8_t *dst) {
  if (uc < 0x00) {
    return 0;
  } else if (uc < 0x80) {
    dst[0] = uc;
    return 1;
  } else if (uc < 0x800) {
    dst[0] = 0xC0 + (uc >> 6);
    dst[1] = 0x80 + (uc & 0x3F);
    return 2;
  // Note: we allow encoding 0xd800-0xdfff here, so as not to change
  // the API, however, these are actually invalid in UTF-8
  } else if (uc < 0x10000) {
    dst[0] = 0xE0 + (uc >> 12);
    dst[1] = 0x80 + ((uc >> 6) & 0x3F);
    dst[2] = 0x80 + (uc & 0x3F);
    return 3;
  } else if (uc < 0x110000) {
    dst[0] = 0xF0 + (uc >> 18);
    dst[1] = 0x80 + ((uc >> 12) & 0x3F);
    dst[2] = 0x80 + ((uc >> 6) & 0x3F);
    dst[3] = 0x80 + (uc & 0x3F);
    return 4;
  } else return 0;
}

#ifdef __cplusplus
#include <iterator>
#include <string>

class UTF8Iterator : public std::iterator<std::forward_iterator_tag, uint32_t>
{
    std::string::const_iterator m_it;
public:
    UTF8Iterator(const std::string::const_iterator& it) : m_it(it) {}
    UTF8Iterator& operator+=(size_t v)
    {
        for (size_t i=0 ; i<v ; ++i)
        {
            utf8proc_int32_t dummy;
            utf8proc_ssize_t sz = utf8proc_iterate(reinterpret_cast<const utf8proc_uint8_t*>(&*m_it), -1, &dummy);
#ifndef NDEBUG
            if (*m_it == '\0')
            {
                fprintf(stderr, "ERROR! UTF8-iterator null-term fail\n");
                abort();
            }
            else if (sz > 0)
                m_it += sz;
            else
            {
                fprintf(stderr, "ERROR! UTF8Iterator character fail");
                abort();
            }
#else
            if (sz > 0)
                m_it += sz;
#endif
        }
        return *this;
    }
    UTF8Iterator& operator++()
    {
        return this->operator+=(1);
    }
    UTF8Iterator operator+(size_t v) const
    {
        UTF8Iterator ret(m_it);
        ret += v;
        return ret;
    }
    uint32_t operator*() const
    {
        utf8proc_int32_t ret;
        utf8proc_iterate(reinterpret_cast<const utf8proc_uint8_t*>(&*m_it), -1, &ret);
        return ret;
    }
    std::string::const_iterator iter() const {return m_it;}
    size_t countTo(std::string::const_iterator end) const
    {
        UTF8Iterator it(m_it);
        size_t ret = 0;
        while (it.iter() < end && *it != '\0')
        {
            ++ret;
            ++it;
        }
        return ret;
    }
};

#endif

#endif