wasapi: Improve WASAPI audio backend latency (thanks, Anthony!).

Anthony Pesch's notes on his patch:

"Currently, the WASAPI backend creates a stream in shared mode and sets the
device's callback size to be half of the shared stream's total buffer size.

This works, but doesn't coordinate will with the actual hardware. The hardware
will raise an interrupt after every period which in turn will signal the
object being waited on inside of WaitDevice. From my empirical testing, the
callback size was often larger than the period size and not a multiple of it,
which resulted in poor latency when trying to time an application based on the
audio callback. The reason for this looked something like:

* The device's callback would be called and and the audio buffer was filled.
* WaitDevice would be called.
* The hardware would raise an interrupt after one period.
* WaitDevice would resume, see that a a full callback had not been played and
  then wait again.
* The hardware would raise an interrupt after another period.
* WaitDevice would resume, see that a full callback + some extra amount had
  been played and then it would again call our callback and this process would
  repeat.

The effect of this is that the pacing between subsequent callbacks is poor -
sometimes it's called very quickly, sometimes it's called very late.

By matching the callback's size to the stream's period size, the pacing of
calls to the user callback is improved substantially. I didn't write an actual
test for this, but my use case for this was my Dreamcast emulator
(https://redream.io) which uses the audio callback to help drive the emulation
speed. Without this change and with the default shared stream buffer (which
has a period of ~10ms) I would get frame times that were between ~3-30
milliseconds; after this change I get frame times of ~11-22 milliseconds.

Note, this patch also has a change that removes passing a duration to the
Initialize call. It seems that the default duration used (when 0 is passed)
does typically match up with the duration returned by GetDevicePeriod, however
the Initialize docs say:

> To set the buffer to the minimum size required by the engine thread, the
> client should call Initialize with the hnsBufferDuration parameter set to 0.
> Following the Initialize call, the client can get the size of the resulting
> buffer by calling IAudioClient::GetBufferSize.

This change isn't strictly required, but I made it to hopefully rule out
another source of unexpected latency."

Fixes Bugzilla #4592.

src/audio/wasapi/SDL_wasapi.c

@@ -507,7 +507,7 @@ WASAPI_PrepDevice(_THIS, const SDL_bool updatestream)
     const SDL_AudioSpec oldspec = this->spec;
     const AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE sharemode = AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_SHARED;
     UINT32 bufsize = 0;  /* this is in sample frames, not samples, not bytes. */
-    REFERENCE_TIME duration = 0;
+    REFERENCE_TIME default_period = 0;
     IAudioClient *client = this->hidden->client;
     IAudioRenderClient *render = NULL;
     IAudioCaptureClient *capture = NULL;
@@ -571,7 +571,7 @@ WASAPI_PrepDevice(_THIS, const SDL_bool updatestream)
         return SDL_SetError("WASAPI: Unsupported audio format");
     }
 
-    ret = IAudioClient_GetDevicePeriod(client, NULL, &duration);
+    ret = IAudioClient_GetDevicePeriod(client, &default_period, NULL);
     if (FAILED(ret)) {
         return WIN_SetErrorFromHRESULT("WASAPI can't determine minimum device period", ret);
     }
@@ -590,7 +590,7 @@ WASAPI_PrepDevice(_THIS, const SDL_bool updatestream)
     }
 
     streamflags |= AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_EVENTCALLBACK;
-    ret = IAudioClient_Initialize(client, sharemode, streamflags, duration, sharemode == AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_SHARED ? 0 : duration, waveformat, NULL);
+    ret = IAudioClient_Initialize(client, sharemode, streamflags, 0, 0, waveformat, NULL);
     if (FAILED(ret)) {
         return WIN_SetErrorFromHRESULT("WASAPI can't initialize audio client", ret);
     }
@@ -605,10 +605,11 @@ WASAPI_PrepDevice(_THIS, const SDL_bool updatestream)
         return WIN_SetErrorFromHRESULT("WASAPI can't determine buffer size", ret);
     }
 
-    this->spec.samples = (Uint16) bufsize;
-    if (!this->iscapture) {
-        this->spec.samples /= 2;  /* fill half of the DMA buffer on each run. */
-    }
+    /* Match the callback size to the period size to cut down on the number of
+       interrupts waited for in each call to WaitDevice */
+    float period_millis = default_period / 10000.0f;
+    float period_frames = period_millis * this->spec.freq / 1000.0f;
+    this->spec.samples = (Uint16)ceil(period_frames);
 
     /* Update the fragment size as size in bytes */
     SDL_CalculateAudioSpec(&this->spec);